tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-84167802554217923602024-03-08T06:27:44.687-08:00Essay writing service torontoChicago Style Essay SamplesMara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.comBlogger26125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-31726970532709628632020-09-03T04:12:00.001-07:002020-09-03T04:12:05.361-07:00Jail and Prison EssayNumerous individuals in the United States don't realize that there are contrasts among prison and jail and what they are. Neighborhood locales, for example, regions and urban communities, use correctional facilities to keep wrongdoers for brief timeframes. A jail, or prison, is constrained by the state, and is utilized to keep sentenced lawbreakers for longer term (Schmallenger, 2011). A prison is intended for transient guilty parties, and has a larger number of enhancements than a jail. Prisons house people who have been indicted to carry out a short punishment, typically one year or less, confine people anticipating preliminary, holding back to pay bail or denied bail, and prisoners hung on doubt of perpetrating a wrongdoing. Most correctional facilities are intended to hold an extremely modest number of crooks, and have low security when contrasted with jails. For instance, the Durango Jail in Phoenix, Arizona, houses around 2,214 detainees. They give a broadly useful day room zone with seating regions, and a restroom region with sinks, latrines, and showers, and have two huge outside territories for entertainment. The prison likewise incorporates a clinical facility, house of prayer and instruction study halls where detainees can go to booked strict and instructive projects for the duration of the day (ââ¬Å"Mcsoâ⬠, 2013). Prisons assume a significant job in the criminal equity framework, and without them, there would not be a spot to hold these transient detainees and wrongdoers. A jail is a lot bigger than a prison, and fit for taking care of unquestionably more detainees. The detainees are normally arranged and isolated based on the kinds of violations that they have been indicted for as a wellbeing safety measure, and there are three sorts of penitentiaries: least security, medium security, and greatest security. Least security prisoners regularly have private rooms and can stroll around more unreservedly, just as supermarket visits to buy sweets and tobacco. Medium security penitentiaries are more quarters like and have walled entertainment zones. Most extreme security penitentiaries have more boundaries, towers, equipped watches, and prisoners have far less leisure time and open zones. As per ââ¬Å"Arizona Department of Correctionsâ⬠(2013), the Tucson Prison Complex in Tucson, Arizona, as of now has an all out populace of roughly 3,700 detainees and an ability to hold up to 5,170 detainees. Courtesies incorporate exercise zones, regular territories for eating and associating in lower security regions, church offices, and an instructive office (Schmallenger, 2011). On account of the long span of most jail sentences, a mind boggling social, and political structure emerges among the detainees. Detainees structure inner circles and endeavor to make their predominance inside the wall and dividers. Jail culture and subculture influence the day by day lives of detainees from the second they step foot in to a jail. Detainees are characterized by their position, or order, and are filled by having control over others and their notoriety is in question. Trading things, for example, tobacco, food, medications and improvised weapons is a method of picking up power, just as utilizing sexual power and strength (Schmallenger, 2011). Gatherings are framed, packs are made and increased, and are frequently founded on race, ethnicity, religion and what your identity was associated with outside of the jail entryways. Because of these subcultures, vicious wrongdoings happen, the STD rate increments and the jail clinical costs increment. Setting guilty parties waiting on the post trial process or parole may impact the measurements, yet not by much, as events and savagery are continually continuous. Probation, an elective type of condemning, permits indicted guilty parties to maintain a strategic distance from prison time. They are discharged go into the network, yet should observe an exacting arrangement of rules. Rules can incorporate time limitation, keeping up an occupation, and checking in with a post trial supervisor consistently. Probation is a valuable device for the network, as it permits guilty parties to become positive good examples in the public eye by taking an interest in network administration just as sparing citizen dollars on possibly superfluous jail costs. Parole is represented by the official branch and is the restrictive arrival of a convict who has served some portion of his term in jail (University of Phoenix, 2011). The basic role is to return guilty parties bit by bit to beneficial lives and are normally conceded by a parole board to a detainee with a decent record and great direct while in jail. Condemning guilty parties to probation or discharging people on parole can let loose a huge number of dollars every year, as it can cost somewhere in the range of $12,000 to $60,000 every year to house a prisoner (CNN Money, 2013). There are likewise a couple of different options in contrast to probation and parole that are additionally gainful, for example, sedate treatment offices, houseâ arrest and electronic observing, asylums, training camp detainment facilities, and work-discharge programs. Correctional facilities and detainment facilities, as a piece of the criminal equity framework, assume a significant job in the public eye. By preventing wrongdoing, making sure about crooks, and endeavoring to restore the individuals who have overstepped the law, they teach society, yet make a case of the individuals who effectively have finished condemning and restoration and have made themselves prospering results of society. References MCSO. (2013). Recovered from http://www.mcso.org/JailInformation/Durango.aspx Schmallenger, F. (2011). Criminal Justice Today. An Introductory Text for the 21st Century (eleventh ed.). : Prentice Hall. College of Phoenix. (2011). CJi Interactive. Recovered from University of Phoenix, CJA204 site. Arizona Department of Corrections. (2013). Recovered from http://www.azcorrections.gov/detainment facilities/Prisca_Prisons_Tucson.aspx CNN Money. (2013). Recovered from http://www.money.cnn.com/infographic/economy/instruction vsprisoncosts/ Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-64630338376845215642020-08-22T18:07:00.001-07:002020-08-22T18:07:27.133-07:00Changing social and legal dimensions of race relations in The US from EssayChanging social and legitimate components of race relations in The US from 1920-1950 - Essay Example The element of this paper is to achieve the current idea in the treatment of the Africans and different migrants in America and to concentrate on the point whether America is totally liberated from the racial segregation towards the African people group in their place. America is a huge nation where settlers could be found in each express, this is because of the incredible modification of correspondence and weight in training esteems and instructive arrangements. All through the world Education has begun increasing an absolute noteworthiness and understudies travel to other non-local nations so as to improve their instructive status. The out look of the Government is additionally in the prompt procedure of evolving. So it acknowledges the understudies from different nations. It is a two route salary to their nation, in one way the Government gains a great deal pay from the appearance of outside understudies and on the opposite side foundation is completed in their instructive divisions. While dissecting the state of the American culture between the years 1920-1950 an extensive change could be seen, yet at the same time not a total change is acknowledged. In the mean time it is truly fascinating to discover confirmations of the circumstance in regards to the race relations in the composed works of Authorsââ¬â¢ like Ralph Ellison. The ââ¬Å"Invisible Manâ⬠by Ellison mirrors the storyteller as a key source to convey the message that how he ends up as an imperceptible man among the individuals of America. The rundown of embarrassments, the distinctive method of reaction, the obliviousness with which he had neglected to perceive the incongruity and the treatment of the white higher authorities towards the dark individuals were totally added to the reasons for his out happen to ââ¬Å"Invisible Manâ⬠. The title has a profound noteworthiness in it; Ellison himself talks in the spot of the storyteller. It is an assortment of his involvement with America. It is smarter to experience the life of Ellison before he turned into a Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-89631594019089308982020-08-21T15:49:00.001-07:002020-08-21T15:49:31.403-07:00The Iron Lady Essay Example for FreeThe Iron Lady Essay The Iron Lady BY sptke25 The Iron Lady If you lead a nation like Britain, a solid nation, a nation which has taken a lead in world undertakings in great occasions and in terrible, a nation that is constantly dependable, at that point you must have a dash of iron about you. Margaret Thatcher, the main lady to lead a significant Western vote based system, talked these words. She filled in as Great Britains Prime Minister for over eleven years (1979-1990), and drove with an iron clench hand cutting down expansion in England, resuscitating the British economy, recovering the Falkland Islands, and never faltering against the Soviets neglected War. Conceived as Margaret Hilda Roberts on October 13, 1925, in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England, she was the most youthful girl of Alfred and Beatrice Roberts. Her dad was a nearby specialist who worked a supermarket where the Roberts family lived in a loft above. Thatcher was acquainted with governmental issues by her dad. He was dynamic in the town committee and later became city hall leader. She was acknowledged at Oxford University where she examined science, in spite of the fact that it came in just short of the leader to her adoration for legislative issues. Along these lines, she turned out to be politically dynamic nearby. She was chosen leader of the understudy Conservative Association at Oxford which ave approach to numerous political associations for her future. She ran as the Conservative contender for the Labor seat of Dartford at the General Elections of 1950 and 1951. Despite the fact that she lost the multiple times, she won popularity for being the most youthful lady competitor in the nation, since during the races; she was uniquely in her mid-Losing never deflected Thatcher. She proceeded with her inclusion with twenties. the Conservative Party in Kent where she met her future spouse, Denis Thatcher. They were hitched in 1951. He, being a well off businessperson, financed her examinations for the bar, and she turned into a counselor in 1953. It was that equivalent year she and her significant other energetically invited their twins, Mark and Carol into their family. Despite the fact that another mother, Margaret Thatcher didn't hinder her political frenzy. She kept concentration lastly in 1959 she easily took the political race and guaranteed her seat in the House of Commons. She was everything from Secretary at the Ministry of Pensions and National Insurance to Secretary of State for Education and Science. She increased numerous supporters, just as filling numerous dissidents; particularly when she felt compelled to make cuts in the Educational spending plan and hurled out free milk in the schools. This activity picked up her the epithet, Maggie Thatcher, milk snatcher. Her fame and courage as a pioneer bounced back pleasantly, and she turned into the Conservative Leader. On January nineteenth, 1976 Thatcher delivered a discourse in Kensington Town Hall. During this discourse, she strongly assaulted the Soviet Union. Her most popular lines were: The Russians are bowed on world predominance, and they are quickly securing the way to turn into the most remarkable magnificent country the world has seen. The men in the Soviet Politburo don't need to stress over the back and forth movement of general feeling. They put weapons before spread, while we put Just about verything before firearms. Service paper, Red Star. In spite of the fact that others may have been irritated by this, Thatcher invested wholeheartedly in picking up that notoriety from an administration she held next to zero adoration for. Throughout the winter of 78/79 a pestilence of strikes broke out across Britain. The worker's guild was requesting pay increments. The legislature set up at that point, the Labors, appeared to lose the certainty of people in general, so at the General Election of May 1979, the Conservative party won. Margaret Thatcher was presently the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The primary term of Thatchers Ministry was loaded up with financial traps. She and her administration put many long haul objectives into impact, which gradually end up being fruitful. The economy was at last on the ascent. Much political help was offered to her on account of this achievement, and re-appointment looked suitable, yet that destiny would be fixed by another occasion: The Falkland Islands. Argentina and Great Britain had been for quite a long time at chances with one another over the islands. The English had held onto the Islands and stayed in charge of them since 1833. However on April 2, 1982 the Argentine soldiers attacked the island. They rapidly had the option to beat the British marines positioned there. Margaret Thatcher working with the U. S. dministration trusted that an increasingly political methods would be conceivable while endeavoring to recapture the islands, yet when this methodology fizzled, she rapidly and definitely requested military activity. In doing as such, Britain recovered the Falkland Islands by June of 1982. The electorate was very intrigued and she quickly won the 1983 political decision. Mrs. Thatcher was a firm enemy of s ocialist and a supporter of NATOs choice to convey U. S. Pershing and journey rockets in Western Europe during the Cold War. She likewise stood firm against hostile to atomic demonstrators at Greenam Common. The demonstrators were determined to fixing the conveyance of the 160 rockets to be set there. She additionally set the establishment for and conveyed a modernized British Fleet comprising of Trident II atomic submarines. She made her position very clear as she remained with Ronald Reagan pronouncing that the Soviet Union was an underhanded foe who merited No trade off, nonetheless, didn't mean no conversation; Thatcher bargain. was not reluctant to examine the enormous atomic issue or the misfortunes of socialism with the recently chosen Soviet pioneer, Mikhail Gorbachev. She saw him as incredibly receptive. He was eager to discuss, contend his point, yet tune in to the ther side. In a meeting with CBS newsman Tom Fenton, she expressed that he was the primary individual to have stated: Look, every one of our expectations of socialism are not being figured it out. It isn't delivering the way of life, it isn't creating the standard of innovation, it isn't creating the standard of social administrations. This complete focal control won't do, it won't do it, we must have progressively singular individual association. She felt that Gorbachev knew an expansion of opportunity was unavoidable for improving his nation. Thatcher found that she enjoyed the man and was cited as saying that she felt they could work together. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-18427897980086242512020-06-08T14:59:00.001-07:002020-06-08T14:59:02.409-07:00Effective Treatment For PTSD In American Veterans - 275 WordsAuricular Acupuncture An Effective Treatment For PTSD In American Veterans (Research Paper Sample) Content: Auricular Acupuncture An Effective Treatment For PTSD In American Veterans[Name of the Writer][Name of the Institution]Auricular Acupuncture An Effective Treatment For PTSD In American VeteransOne of the most common issues that are being faced by the veterans is the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. It is classified as the stress disorder that is developed after any stressful even or situation that had been extremely stressful or catastrophic in nature for any person (King et al. 2016). Most of the times, whenever there is a case of the stress disorder the most common problem that is being faced are that it is followed by the pervaris distress that is common in PTSD (Wheeler et al. 2017). It has to be noted that PTSD is classified as an anxiety disorder and most of the times; it is defined as the coexistence of many symptoms that are combined together (King et al. 2015). The most common symptoms that one gets to see are the experiencing of the past issues, the marked avoidance and the hyper arousal (Wheeler et al. 2017). The veterans are the ones that are most affected by this order and it is estimated that about 6 to 25 % of the veterans are affected by this ailment (King et al. 2016). In this paper, it would be seen that how the Auricular Acupuncture helps with the treatment of the stress disorder and how effective it has been in its overall treatment (King et al. 2016).Recognition of the Auricular Acupuncture as a Global TherapyWhen one talks about the effectiveness of the Auricular Acupuncture, it is most commonly recognized as a mainstream CAM therapy (Wheeler et al. 2017). As it is known to everyone it is the practice in which the insertion of needles is carried out into the certain parts of the body. These points are known as the meridian Acupuncture points (King et al. 2016). The whole premises of the treatment are to make sure that it is carried out for the therapeutic and preventive purposes (King et al. 2016). Despite it is percei ved as somewhat a painful treatment, the research has showed that the patients who have opted for this style of treatment have general founded it to be rather safe and cost effective in the long run (King et al. 2016).Usage of the Auricular Acupuncture in the Treatment of the Mental DisordersEven though not much has been carried out in this regard, the limited evidence that is carried out with regards to the usage of the Auricular Acupuncture for the treatment of the mental disorders has turned out to be rather effective to say the least (King et al. 2015). There are many mental disorders whose treatment has been carried out in an efficient manner with the help of the Auricular Acupuncture such as dementia, eating disorders, schizophrenia and hosts of other sleeping disorders (King et al. 2016).Systematic Review of the Treatment by Auricular Acupuncture for PTSDOne of the first systematic reviews that were carried out using the whole thing was that of the Meta analysis and the whol e premises of the treatment was based on the prospective clinical trials that were carried out in the whole time period (King et al. 2016). The key thing that was needed to be taken care off during the course of the treatment was to make sure that how the trial for the effectiveness of the Auricular Acupuncture is going to be effective for the treatment of the PTSD (King et al. 2016). When the high quality RCT was showed, it displayed the fact that how there were going to be considerable effects regarding the way waitlist control was supposed to be carried out (King et al. 2016). Despite the fact that the result was positive, there was not statistical difference that was observed in the given time period especially if one talks about the link that exists between the acupuncture and the CBT (King et al. 2016). The other thing that was observed during the course of the whole treatment was that how the therapeutic effect in this case was quite similar to that of the CBT therapy that was based on the earlier trials that was carried out in the same time period (Conboy et al. 2016). The other thing that was being done was the way clinical improvement was observed in the given time period (Conboy et al. 2016). The whole thing was related to the Auricular Acupuncture as well as the CBT lasted for about 3 months specially the case that was witnessed after the treatment was seen in the high quality RCT (Conboy et al. 2016).Meta Analysis of the TreatmentThe Meta analysis of the treatment showed that the whole Auricular Acupuncture as well as the moxibustion turned out to be much superior especially in the case of the oral SSRI for the cases that are related to the PTSD (Conboy et al. 2016). The results thus seem to be quite positive and suggest towards the fact that how the fact that all the results that are carried out based on the Meta analysis are on the premises of the medium quality RCT (Conboy et al. 2016). The other interesting observation that was witness ed during the whole process was that how the CBT used by the acupoint stimulation turned out to be more effective as compared to the CBT that was alone in reducing the effects of the PTSD symptoms (Conboy et al. 2016). It has to be noted though that the acupuncture treatment in this case was not described in the transparent manner (Conboy et al. 2016).Comparison of the Cochrane and the Eventual Risk of the BiasIn the next section, it would be interesting to witness what are some of the patterns that were witnessed in terms of the reporting quality (Conboy et al. 2016). The idea is to make sure that the comparison of the Cochrane risk of bias is carried out along with the CONSORT 2010 checklist (Conboy et al. 2016). The other important determinant is to make sure that the studies that are taking into account the high reporting quality are taken into consideration as well as making sure that how they are complying with the higher STRICTA guidelines (Conboy et al. 2016). The key thing that was witnessed in more or less all the results that how they were not able to define the adverse effects that are related to the Auricular Acupuncture (Conboy et al. 2016). It is an important discovery that goes to show the there is enough statistical evidence for the claim to be made that the Auricular Acupuncture is an effective treatment method (Conboy et al. 2016).Clinical Importance of the PTSDAs there is enough statistical background to claim the fact that the Auricular Acupuncture has been useful when it comes to the treatment of the PTSD, the next important thing that is needed to be discussed is that what is the clinical importance of the Auricular Acupuncture for the cases in PTSD (King et al. 2015). It has to be noted that Auricular Acupuncture has been rather effective when it comes to its use in the emergency medication situations (Conboy et al. 2016). The recent case study has suggested the fact that how the whole thing has been rather effective when it c omes to make sure that the treatment of the PTSD is carried out in the right manner and how it helps in the cases where considerable emotional trauma is involved (King et al. 2015). One main reason that the Auricular Acupuncture has been popular among the veterans which is a big factor in its success is the fact that as compared to some of the other methods of the treatment, it is lots more convenience (Conboy et al. 2016). The medical device that is being used for the treatment is considerably cheap and rather easy to use for the professionals who are trained in this sort of treatment (Conboy et al. 2016). It is one of the prime reasons that the mental disorder patients, specially the veterans are specially opting for this type of treatment to make sure that there is some remedy and degree of control witnessed in their problems (Conboy et al. 2016).Studies and Results Conducted by the PentagonThe studies t... Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-75174559083795708072020-05-17T10:11:00.001-07:002020-05-17T10:11:07.800-07:00Roman Empire The Greatest Social And Political Center Of... At its height, the Roman Empire was the greatest social and political center in western civilization. The empire survived for about 500 years, from 31 BCE to 476 CE. The land under Roman rule surrounded the Mediterranean Sea; its territory reached from Europe to the western part of the Middle East to the northern part of Africa. As Kathryn Hinds said in The Ancient Romans, ââ¬Å"Ancient Rome has always been famous for its great achievements in architecture and engineering.â⬠Roman architecture eventually became its own distinct style. Although Greek culture and architecture influenced the Roman style, the Roman love for socializing, business, and games had a greater impact in shaping the way Romans designed buildings and cities. Even though Roman architecture was heavily influenced by Roman society and values, the style also pulled many ideas from Greek culture. Romans kept many architectural and building styles from the Etruscans, Romeââ¬â¢s predecessor. They also gained s ome Greek ideas through the Etruscans. Greeks and Etruscans immigrated to the Italian Peninsula around 750 BCE, mostly in the south and Sicily. Greeks set up trading systems and brought their art, architecture, literature, alphabet, and gods to what is now Italy, all of which became a part of Roman culture. Due to the Greek presence in Roman territory, examples of classical Greek architecture were all around Roman architects. By the mid-2nd century BCE, many buildings in the Greek style were being built in RomeShow MoreRelated Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire Essay1091 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Romans were on one of the greatest people of all. They had power, wealth, and even a half of the world. They built one of the strongest and vast empire that world has ever seen. They came from nothing to something awesome. It started of as a city and ended up being one of the greatest empire of all. This essay is going to focus on the Roman Empire from the rise to the fall and the governm ent, architecture, mythology, Family Structure, and Food of the Romans. As the story goes, Rome was foundingRead MoreThe Origins Of Western Civilization1547 Words à |à 7 PagesThe early history of Western Civilization began in the middle east approximately five thousand years ago, and slowly moved west into Europe. 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The alliance in the feudal system organizedRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire Essay2032 Words à |à 9 Pages By the seventh and eighth centuries, the Roman empire had undergone a series of cultural changes, including an influx of Germanic tribes, political reforms, and most of all, the rise to prominence of Christianity. These social changes have prompted a historical debate over when the Roman Empire fell. According to the Belgian historian, Henry Pirenne, the Roman empire did not die in 476 AD as many of his nineteenth and early twentieth century colleagues maintained. Instead, Pireene argued that Rome Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-20814362313478301852020-05-06T19:10:00.001-07:002020-05-06T19:10:19.942-07:00Public Administration Accountability - 2145 Words PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Assignment SEMESTER 2 2012/2013 PSCI 2523 INSTRUCTOR ââ¬Å"ACCOUNTABILITYâ⬠| NAME | MATRIC NO. | SECTION | 1 | | 1 | | | | | INTRODUCTION. When the word Public Administration come accross oneââ¬â¢s mind, people would think of government civil workers and bureaucracy in government office. However, Public Administration is wider than that. It comprises of many part among them are technical issues,financal issues and ethical issues.Among many of them is the importance of manegerial technique, a characteristic where an organization such as government office should have in order to organize, planned, co-ordinate and budgetting. Government office is a bigâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Public Administration exist to provide services to the peoples. Therefore people have rights to know how their tax money would be spend, what happen to the budgett allocate to Public Administration by government and who is taking responsibilities over any action or planned carried out by the public sectors. Eventhough there might be distortion in achieving government policy, which is sometime is cause by unavoidable external cause, the citizen are expecting Public Administration would be handle it in a way that would bring less impact to the society. In order to satisfy citizenââ¬â¢s almost idealistic expectations, Public Administration must have the sense of highest integrity. Government are entrusted with public funds and resources, and must adhere to the highest ethical standards. Honesty, integrity, propriety, and objectivity, These goals can only be achieved through a combination of individual proffesionalism, personal standards and rigorous control framework (Deloitte). These years, people are began to question government officials integrity and government are trying to promotes the importance of integrity to their officials as well as to the citizens. For example in Malaysia, the government had establish Malaysian Integrity Instituition and Enforcement Agency Integrity Commiss ion, that would receive reports from citizens regarding the misbehaviour of government officials. TheShow MoreRelatedAccountability Of Public Administration : An Era Of Government Reform Essay1368 Words à |à 6 Pagesworld, individuals seek accountability and honor as one of the most leading characteristics of all time. For example, in a normal workplace honor and accountability are made to be all about leadership. 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Some of the various definitions which have been offered for the term are: the management of public programs; the translation of politics into the reality that citizens see everyRead MoreDecentralization Of Public Administration : Contemporary And Developing Nations1229 Words à |à 5 Pages Decentralization in Public Administration: Contemporary Efficacy in Fiscal Affairs Lenna Sliney University of North Carolina at Pembroke Decentralization in Public Administration: Contemporary Efficacy in Fiscal Affairs Decentralization is a systems theory approach, but there is division in existing scholarship on a generalized operating definition and the causality or correlation with economic development, resulting in myriad conclusions on its efficacy and necessities for successful implementationRead MoreThe Civil Service Act Of Public Administration1496 Words à |à 6 PagesService Actââ¬â¢s purpose is to award federal government jobs to individuals based off merit, rather than cronyism or nepotism. In the context of public administration, this law has established benchmarks for the field of public administration, but it does not go without its disadvantages. This act bred performance management application in the public administration community by establishing tests and performance measurements that certainly outweigh the nature of providing government jobs due to party affiliationRead MorePublic And Private Management : Are They Fundamentally Alike? Essay1281 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduc tion On a macro level, public administration and business management are similar in their overall functions. ââ¬Å"At the broadest level, some organizational theorists contend that administration is administration whatever its setting, and that the problems of organizing people, leading them and supplying them with resources to do their jobs are always the same (Kettl, 2012, p. 38).â⬠In his paper, ââ¬Å"Public and Private Management: Are They Fundamentally Alike in All Unimportant Respects?,â⬠GrahamRead MoreHow Does New Public Management Change The Public Sector?1344 Words à |à 6 PagesHow did New Public Management change the public sector? New Public Management is the use of private sector and business approaches in the public sector in order to achieve efficiency, efficacy and quality in the delivery of public services. As a positive consequence of this, there have been increasingly positive changes through the reforms that have been implemented by New Public Management into the public sector. This paper will uncover these reforms by discussing the establishment, core principlesRead MorePublic Administration And The Public Sector837 Words à |à 4 PagesOld Public Administration was created to answer the questions to many unanswered problems. President Woodrow Wilson said it was ââ¬Å"harder to run a constitution than to frame itâ⬠because of the difficult administrative tasks had to deal with. Sure enough, he was not the only person who felt that way. President Wilson believed that in order to run an effective government, ideas from the private sector should be incorporated into the public sector. He even wen t as far as to give input on how the governmentRead MoreBureaucracy And Bureaucracies1714 Words à |à 7 PagesBureaucracies are a system and systems without coordination lead to problems with authority, consistency, and accountability. Authority can be lost by officials being unsure of who is charge of a situation. Bureaucracies that do not set authority for officials will have issues of controlling the bureaucracy as a whole (Kettl, 2017, 72). Authority, according to Kettl, promises accountability of an organization to consumers ââ¬â or citizens in this case (2017, 85). Consistency is also important in a bureaucracy Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-76540335467620837872020-05-06T00:46:00.001-07:002020-05-06T00:46:15.597-07:00Case Study Capital Gains Tax Question: Case Study: Capital Gains Tax. Answer: On the date of 5th June from the present year, he also sold the share he purchased from the mining company for $ 80,000. On that present year dated 10th January he purchased those shares for the amount of $75,000. In order to purchase he borrowed as loan amount $ 70,000 further also paid interest $5, 000 for the loan. He rather paid $750 as the brokerage in order of sales of shares and also paid the stamp duty $250 for the shares. According to the law of income tax, interest based on a loan is never granted as the part of an acquisition cost. Thus, the loan of interest is never included (Kay 2012). Capital gains are there are the basic difference between the capital and cost of capital tax gain asset acquisition. Three methods of calculating capital gain in accordance to this discount, method is the first and the principal methods which are applicable in the event of gained tax at least before 12 months. The next method is the second method which is explained as the method of indexation and is applicable when there is before that of 21st of September and is applied till at least for 12 months just before the relevant gain on capital tax. The final most method is residual method, and can be applicable when it not exceeds 12 months to held the asset. So it can be stated that these methods are used in computing overall calculation of capital gain (Fischer and Gallmeyer 2014). The properties which are taken before September 20th 1985 are: Sale of residential house or the family house; Any vehicles or motor vehicles; Any acquired property which can collect less than of $500; Any certain amount which can be reimbursed from certain injury (Keohane and Olmstead 2016). Capital losses based on the long term- It is based on long term may set against the term of only capital gain. There is no scope of another possible set off. Further be forwarded to an assessment of indefinite subsequent years and it is only used set off against capital loss of Long Term (Ball 2014). Capital loss based on the short term- It can be regarded as a set off the same sources or rather than from the capital gain of long term. Regarding this, there is a term it which is brought forward as the assessment year subsequently indefinite and the set off is against both long as well as for profit of short term(Rauch and Rijsdijk 2013). We can state that Mr Dave stayed for 30 years in a two-storey flat and that which he bought for $70,000. On June 27 of the present tax year, he sold that building for $ 8, 50,000. There was an auction made on the building and for which the purchaser gave $85,000 as an advance before the purchase. But later it was found that there was no proper fund present with the purchaser to purchase that property. As it can be seen there was a forfeited done with the money and $ 85,000 which was received was charged as income from different sources (Krugman 2014). Capital gain calculation can be The total sale that was proceed was of $8, 65, 000; But there was an exemption which was defined under CST and that includes only home for family (Oulton and Sebasti-Barriel 2013). On 20th September 1985 there was also a purchasing of a pro hart for the price of $ 15,000 and was sold at for the amount of $1, 25, 000. By that Capital Gain can be stated in the follow ways: Sale was proceeded for $ 1, 25,000 Less: Content of cost acquisition 15,000*123.4/71.3 $25,961 There was also purchase of a cruiser in the year of 2004 the amount of which was $1, 10, 000 and later on June 1st of the present year it was sold to a boat broker on the amount of $60,000 (Harding 2013). Hence, the capital gain can be followed as: Proceeds in Sale $ 60,000 Less: Content of cost acquisited $ 1, 10,000. Reference List: Ball, L.M., 2014. Long-term damage from the Great Recession in OECD countries (No. w20185). National Bureau of Economic Research. Barry, V., 2014. Parsing Marriage Penalties: The Irrationality of Tax and Government Benefit Marriage Penalty Jurisprudence. U. Pa. J. Const. L., 17, p.1183. Ferrer, A., Casals, J. and Sotoca, S., 2014. Conditional coverage and its role in determining and assessing long-term capital requirements. Available at SSRN 2447673. Fischer, M. and Gallmeyer, M.F., 2014. Heuristic portfolio trading rules with capital gain taxes. Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), Forthcoming. Fishman, S., 2014. Working for Yourself: Law Taxes for Independent Contractors, Freelancers Consultants. Nolo. Goold, P.R., 2015. Is Copyright Infringement a Strict Liability Tort. Berkeley Tech. LJ, 30, p.305. Harding, M., 2013. Taxation of dividend, interest, and capital gain income. Katz, L., 2014. Long-term unemployment in the Great Recession. Members-only Library. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-9970865271865850632020-04-20T18:57:00.001-07:002020-04-20T18:57:02.674-07:00The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Treatment Introduction Daily, several individuals are found to be afflicted by some form of psychiatric disorder, for example, schizophrenia and anxiety disorder (Pakhare, 2007). Furthermore, in relation to the nature-nurture issue, the psychiatric disorders are passed on from parents, developed due to environmental factors, or are a blend of both factors. Lastly, every psychiatric disorder category has dissimilar management methods, which assist in establishing suitable means of treatment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Treatment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Schizophrenia Schizophrenia, an ailment of the brain, is one of the severe and chronic disorders that have affected humankind for a long time. Nevertheless, since it has been poorly understood throughout history, its victims have been undeservingly put to shame. The condition is not a split personality, but it is an infrequent and unusual brain disorder. Similar to cancer or diabetes, the disease has a biological basis. Schizophrenia is a common ailment, with about 2.5 million patients in the United Sates alone. Whereas there is no known cure for the disorder, it is possible to treat the condition. A number of its victims act in response to drug therapy and most of them are capable of leading satisfying lives. A number of factors are attributed to cause Schizophrenia. The first factor is genes and the environment. Experts have long known that this medical condition runs in most families. The disease is present in an estimated one percent of the whole population. It has been found in about ten percent of individuals who have first-degree relative (a parent, brother, or sister) with the illness. Individuals who have second-degree relatives such as aunts, uncles or grandparents diagnosed with the illness are also more susceptible to get the disease. The chance is highest for an identical twin of an individua l with the disorder. The identical twin has up to forty to sixty-five percent chance of developing the illness in the course of his or life (Tsuang, Faraone, and Johnson, 1997). Medical experts think that a number of genes are related with an increased chance of developing the disorder, but that no single gene is able to cause it entirely by its own. In fact, latest scientific investigation has discovered that victims are likely to develop increased rates of unusual genetic mutations. These genetic variations entail several different genes, which perhaps interrupts normal brain development. Other recent research propose that the disease may develop in part when a particular gene that is crucial in formulating essential brain chemicals fails to function. This malfunctioning may impinge on the part of the brain that is engaged in developing higher functioning skills.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Studies into this gene have not been completed yet; therefore, it is still difficult to use the genetic information to foretell persons who are likely to develop schizophrenia. Nevertheless, researchers have not understood fully the genetic differences that contribute to this disorder. Those that are understood increase the risk only by a small level. Moreover, it possibly involves more than genes to cause the disease. Medical experts believe that interactions between genes and the environment are factors that can lead to the disorder. The condition causes the lateral ventricles of the brain to be enlarged, impairs the performance of the frontal regions of the brain, and reduces the volume of the temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdala, components of the limbic system, and regions of the Superior Temporal Gyrus (STG) parts of the brain. The prefrontal cortex, area of the brain associated with memory, is also severely affected by the disease. Secondly, scientists thi nk that abnormalities in brain chemistry and structure play a role in schizophrenia development. The disparity in the complex, interrelated chemical reactions of the brain that involves a number of neurotransmitters (substances that let brain cells to communicate with one another) has been attributed to this condition. Experts are carrying more research on the relation of brain chemistry to schizophrenia. There is a distinct difference between brains of victims afflicted by schizophrenia and those of healthy individuals, for instance, fluid-filled cavities at the center of the brain, referred to as ventricles, are bigger in some individuals with the disorder. The brains of individuals afflicted with schizophrenia are also likely to have limited amount of grey matter and various parts of their brain may have limited or increased biological activity. In addition, investigations of brain tissue after death have discovered marked variations in the brains of victims of the disorder. Stud ies have revealed a number of changes in the distribution or features of the brain cells that may have taken place before birth. Some studies have concluded that problems during the period of brain development before birth may result in faulty connections, which may fail to show up until one has reached adolescence stage. During adolescence, significant transformations take place in the brain, which can activate psychotic symptoms. Studies have revealed so much about schizophrenia, although more investigations are needed to better understand how it develops.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Treatment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Schizophrenia is characterized by a variety of distinct and expected associated symptoms, which are mainly categorized into positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms denote the presence of grossly abnormal behavi or not present in healthy people. They include hallucinations where victims see, hear, smell, or feel things that no one else detects, delusions where the victim has false beliefs that are not component of his or her culture, thought disorders, and movement disorders that appear as agitated body movements (Hirsch and Weinberger, 2003, p.5). Negative symptoms are related to interruption of normal emotions and behaviors and can be difficult to detect since they are similar to depression or other conditions. They include lack of pleasure in life and abnormal speech problems. Cognitive symptoms are delicate and may be difficult to detect. They include poor executive functioning, difficulty in paying attention and difficulties with working memory. Cognitive symptoms may further complicate a victimââ¬â¢s daily life. Schizophrenia is a complicated condition that impairs the normal functioning of the brain, life experience and behavior of its victims. The brain functions to respond to st imuli and modulates them. People afflicted with this disorder are unable to modulate the various mechanisms of the brain. Processes in this disease lacks a single basis, the condition is multi factorial. Studies have indicated that the brains of victims lack adequate myelin around the nerves. Other regions of the brain also exhibit impaired functioning in affected persons as discussed in the earlier sections of this paper. Recent research has discovered that several neurotransmitters are involved in the disorder. Dopamine and Dopamine receptors have been recognized for some time now and the common medication for managing this condition interacts with dopamine receptors. NMDA, GABA and the cholinergic system have recently been discovered to also influence schizophrenia. The appropriate drug therapy for schizophrenia usually needs a blend of antipsychotic, antidepressant, and anti-anxiety drug treatment. The treatments focus on reducing the symptoms of the disorder. It has been observ ed that many individuals quit taking the drugs prescribed for the disease, particularly when they do not get well soon and when the side effects are more severe. One is advised to start medication with a drug such as clozapine, which is cheaper and more efficient. Antipsychotic treatment assists patients to regain the normal biochemical balance and reduce the likelihood of a relapse.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Drug Abuse case Ron long time abuse of alcohol has probably been caused by attempts to deny, cope with, or hide an underlying psychological problem, which has ultimately made him to be addicted to drinking alcohol. He has probably been fighting against loneliness, guilt, or selfââ¬âreproach in his life. The addiction has come because the alcohol has been stimulating Ronââ¬â¢s brain pleasure reward pathway (PRP). Dopamine neurotransmitter is significant in PRP. Alcohol stimulates PRP, which then spontaneously increases the level of dopamine. This produces euphoric effect to the victim. The brain is then wired in such a way that it wants to achieve the dopamine highness repeatedly, hence the addiction (Clinic, 2008, para.1). The cause of alcohol abuse has not been left out of the nature-nurture debate. Some people attribute it to be due to nature (hereditary factors) while others nurture (environmental factors). Studies have shown that there is a possibility of people inheritin g genes from their parents that can lead to alcoholism. The type of lifestyle a person lives is also a factor. The kind of friends a person has, the level of stress in a personââ¬â¢s life, and availability of alcohol are all risk factors. The problem of alcoholism that Ron has is currently incurable, but it can be treated. In this case, a combination of counseling and medications programs can be administered to Ron to assist him stop taking alcohol. This can help me bring to a close his drinking habit and rebuild his work and family life. Oral medications, for example, disulfiram, naltrexone, and acamparosate have been successfully employed to reduce alcoholism. Although alcoholism treatment is beneficial for good number individuals, there are different levels of success in treating it. A number of former addicts stop taking alcohol and remain sober, while others have durations when they experience sobriety with bouts of relapse. Some people also suffer from withdrawal symptoms, for example, shakiness, nausea, and sweating upon abandoning taking alcohol. Nevertheless, the longer an individual stays away from alcohol, the more effective the treatment process becomes. Anxiety case Tom is suffering from Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) a condition in which he gets too much anxious and worried about daily life happenings without any clear grounds for getting worried. Research has indicated that there is a relation between anxiety disorder and specific parts of the brain. In a normal person, the thought process allows him or her to observe a situation and process the information. This then establishes if anxiety is required to ââ¬Å"kick inâ⬠to arouse responsive action. In those affected by anxiety disorder, for example Tom, this process is triggered due to circumstances that really do not need a ââ¬Å"flight or fightâ⬠responsive action (Hauser, 2005). The exact cause of this tendency has not been understood fully. However, a number of factors, i ncluding genetics (nature), and environmental factors (nurture), appear to add to its development. Some studies have suggested that family history is a risk factor to the development of anxiety disorder. This implies that the propensity to develop this condition may be inherited between the members of the family. Trauma and stressful factors, for example, abuse, loss of a close relative or friend, divorce, loss of employment, dropping out of school, may trigger development of anxiety disorder. The abuse and stopping the taking of addictive drugs may also worsen the condition. Tom can appropriately use medication to treat his condition. This will assist him since the disorder interferes with his daily activities. He may consider using benzodiazepines for short-term treatment. This leaves him feeling calm and relaxed by reducing the physical symptoms of the disorder. For long-term treatment, he may consider using antidepressants to alleviate his condition. Tom may also use cognitive-b ehavioral therapy. This therapy can assist him get rid of distorted thinking by having a more realistic look at agonizing situations. The use of anti-anxiety drugs may bring a number of complications. Side effects of the medications, for example, sleepiness, weight gain, and sexual problems, depend on the specific drug and the individual using them. Conclusion The indispensable aspect in understanding psychiatric disorders is to realize that those who are afflicted with the condition are normal human beings. The only difference is that the victims are suffering from a medical condition that weakens normal thinking and behavior. Treatment and prevention of this medical condition is best achieved by seeking for knowledge that can alleviate the suffering of the afflicted. Reference List Clinic, M. (2008, May 8). Alcoholism causes. MayoClinic.com. Web. Hauser, J. (2005, February 2). Anxiety: Generalized anxiety disorder. Psych Central. Web. Hirsch, S., Weinberger, D. (2003). Schizophre nia (2nd ed.). Malden: Blackwell Publishing Company. Pakhare, J. (2007, December 5). Types of Mental Illness: List of Mental Disorders.à Buzzle.com. Web. Tsuang, M.T., Faraone, S. V., Johnson, P.D. (1997). Schizophrenia: the facts. New York: Oxford University Press. This essay on The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Treatment was written and submitted by user Joy Hansen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-15321668289193629472020-03-15T19:57:00.001-07:002020-03-15T19:57:02.660-07:00Case Study Analysis Essays - IOS, Videotelephony, Free EssaysCase Study Analysis Essays - IOS, Videotelephony, Free Essays Case Study Analysis PSY/322 July 13, 2015 Case Study Analysis Consumer behavior and purchasing decisions are influenced by several factors. These factors are even greater when a company chooses to expand its business operation from domestic markets and go into new international markets. Before businesses make this leap, they need to ensure that they conduct a very thorough cross-cultural market analysis to verify that the new market will be profitable. In this paper, I will analyze two cases involving global companies that failed to conduct a proper cross-cultural market analysis before entering a new foreign market. The two global companies that I will discuss are Apple and the Walt Disney Company. Apples case involves the 2008 lackluster release of the iPhone in Japan and the Walt Disney Companys 2005 controversial decision to offer Shark Fin Soup at Hong Kong Disneyland. IPhone Release in Japan For this case study analysis, I will use Yukari Iwatani Kanes newspaper article titled Apples Latest iPhone Sees Slow Japan Sales. Kanes article discusses the numerous reasons behind Apples disappointing IPhone release in Japan. The release in Japan had been so disappointing because they sold less than 500,000 of the IPhones compared to their project 1,000,000 sales (Kane, 2008). The reasons for this huge failure can be attributed to Apple not doing its research prior to the IPhone release. I will now discuss the lessons learned by Apple on how the Japanese consumers behavior and purchasing decisions are different than the rest of the world. I will also evaluate how the differences in consumer behavior across cultures affect marketing mix strategy. Lessons Learned by Apple Some of Apples biggest marketing tools that it was using to promote the latest IPhone in Japan were its technological capabilities. However, a very important and costly lesson that Apple learned was that Japan is typically ahead of the technological curve when it comes to electronics capabilities when compared to the rest of the world. An example of Japans advanced technological capabilities were that high-end digital color displays, satellite navigation, digital cameras, digital TV-viewing, and music players were standard features on Japanese cellphone before the IPhone was rolled out, yet the IPhone did not include these features.(Kane, 2008). A very culturally important technological features that the IPhone was missing out on was the use of Emojis for texting and email (Kane, 2008). In the Japanese culture, Emojis are a staple in creating appealing texts and emails. A financial technology that the Iphone was lacking was a chip that is used as a train ticket, debit card, or credit card (Kane, 2008). The chip made paying for purchases or boarding a train very quick and convenient for Japanese Consumers. The technologies mentioned above were all missing in the latest IPhone that Apple had brought to Japan. On the other hand, Apple promoted and marketed technologies in the IPhone that Japanese customers had either already been experiencing for years or that were completely new to them. One technology that was promoted was the inclusion of the 3G data network technology to gain access to the internet. Yet in Japan access to the 3G data network was not a new or exciting feature for potential Japanese consumer, because Japanese consumer have had access to it for several years before the IPhone was introduced (Kane, 2008). One of the new features that the IPhone had that was new to the Japanese consumer was the touch screen. Nevertheless, this new feature caused concern for a large number of Japanese cellphone users because they were anxious that they would have trouble getting use to the touch screen (Kane, 2008). Consumer Behavior Across Cultures Affect Marketing Mix As pointed out in the above paragraphs, consumers have expectations when a new product is in marketed. It is extremely important that businesses understand that not all markets have the same needs and wants. For example, the marketing strategy of using the 3G data network for United States customers was an excellent marketing strategy for Apple but a huge failure for Japanese customers. If Apple would have focused on marketing and promoting other features of the IPhone that Japanese consumer would have found appealing they would have had better sales. Shark Fin Soup at Hong Kong Disneyland For the second case Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-38381118804895993102020-02-28T10:24:00.001-08:002020-02-28T10:24:03.218-08:00Company Profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsCompany Profile - Essay Example Business Interaction / Communication in more than 100 different languages. 49,000+ individuals are employed worldwide by the Coca-Cola Company and its subsidiaries. In Britain the brand arrived in the year 1990 when the son of the founder, Charles Chandler brought the brand to England. The company today is extremely popular and surprisingly, "the word 'Coca-Cola' itself is even thought to be the second most widely understood word in the world after 'OK'!" (Coca Cola). The company is facing fierce competition with Pepsi Co. that is the other giant in the industry. Coca Cola is having a share of merely 50% in the Europe, the company is a market leader in Europe, however the company is rated 2nd in many parts of the world such as India. The company is having a wider product line and length that forced me to prepare the profile. The product line includes Coca Cola, Coca Cola Zero, Diet Coke, Sprite, Fanta, Lilt, Dr. Pepper, Oasis, Kia-Ora, Schweppes, Five Alive, Minute Maid, Rose's, Spri t 3G, and Powerade. The company is having a concern about the health too, it is unusual to think about since the company is manufacturing a drink that many people view as unhealthy, nevertheless the company cares about people when it says, "You can enjoy 'Coca-Cola' and all of our other products as part of a healthy balanced diet and active lifestyle" (Your Health). It is also a healthy sign that Coca Cola has associated it self with various healthy activities such as Football. SWOT There are number of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats regarding Coca Cola. In UK, the strengths include, highest market share possessed by any soft drink company, the biggest product line and length, a strong focus on society's health as the company mentions clearly on their products, "'Big 8: energy, protein, carbohydrate, carbohydrate of which sugars, fat, saturated fat, fibre and sodium" (What our labels tell you). The customers are welcomed at anytime to inspect the company's internal environment, the company has mentioned the free number '0800 227711'. A strong focus on fulfilling social responsibility as the company has associated itself with many important events such as sports etc. The weaknesses are limited for Coca Cola, The company has not got the full penetration in the market, there are many gaps in the society. The company is focusing on brand extension rather than the penetration of current brands. Obesity is getting common is Britain and company is not taking the issue in account. The different sales headquarters are not interlinked directly and they are having problems in internal communications, "We are currently developing new communications programmes to improve employee engagement and to ensure that they all understand our business priorities" (Key challenges in Britain). The opportunities for Coca Cola are, the obesity is getting common in Britain, Coca Cola can target that segment specifically and make it aware of the may Diet Coke that can help people understand the benefits of such drinks. The company can then cater each segment individually, such as kids who prefer sports should be targeted through advertisements using powerade, when every segment would be targeted, the outcome could be very profitable, "developing new, and hopefully successful, products is vital and, as Band says: Coca-Cola also needs to get the mix of products correct; that is the Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-9314346513976033742020-02-12T03:10:00.001-08:002020-02-12T03:10:03.763-08:00The impact of London congestion charge,an economic view Literature reviewThe impact of London congestion charge,an economic view - Literature review Example However, despite this, the actual implementation and running costs of the congestion charge have been suggestibly much higher than the benefit (Evans, 2007). Figures from TfL suggest that the revenue:cost ratio is extremely high (Leape, 2006). For example, upkeep of the monitoring systems requires technical experts which cost a lot to employ. The video cameras used as part of the system are also extremely costly and require maintenance and protection from vandalism (Leape, 206). Secondly, there is a lot of bureaucracy involved in chasing up congestion charge dodgers and others who falsely abuse the exemption system. Finally, there are other effects that can be judged by approaching the congestion charge economically, such as the effect on jobs and economic activity within the 22km2 zone (Leape, 2006). It is interesting to look at the effects that the congestion charge has had on retail within the zone. One paper (Quddus, Camel & Bell, 2007) looked at a John Lewis department store wit hin the zone, on Oxford Street. The data looked at four years between 2001 and 2004, which included three years of pre-congestion data and one year post-congestion data. It was decided to stop collecting sales data after this point as the opening hours changed, which is a good way of avoiding bias in this type of economic study. However, there may still be bias present from only evaluating one year of congestion charge sales data, as three years of pre-congestion charge data was examined giving a broader picture of the economic scope of the store. Despite this, the study produced some interesting results. After controlling for Gross Value Added (GVA) specific to London and...This paper offers a thorough analysis of the all-round impacts of the imposition of congestion charge in London. Not only economic, but also social and environmental impact is considered. The paper attempt to provide how the congestion charge assist in improving environment. It also evaluates the impact on unemp loyment changes facilitated by charging. One of the main aspects of transportation in London that was intended to be improved by the congestion charge was the economics. There is evidence that there has been a positive economic effect seen by introducing the charge, with an estimated 90% of pre-charge congestion costs being eliminated by profits. However, despite this, the actual implementation and running costs of the congestion charge have been suggestibly much higher than the benefit. In terms of the environment, there were significant reductions in traffic flows within the congestion zone area between 2003 and 2006. There are many different approaches to the congestion charge and how it has had an effect on London from an economic standpoint. These have all given various different results within the literature, although these are partly dependent on the methodologies used and the time periods examined. One of the main issues that can come from assessing a project like the congestion charge is that it will be evaluated in the short-term, and there may be additional costs or benefits to be seen within the medium- or long-term which cannot be assessed by current results. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-8107653453050240962020-01-31T15:55:00.001-08:002020-01-31T15:55:03.008-08:00Reading Books Essay Example for Free Reading Books Essay Reading a book is one of the best forms of entertainment a person can have. Books can take you places to a time and lifestyle that you will never visit or experience. I remember the old show called ââ¬Å"Reading Rainbowâ⬠and it lyrics were gave a very interesting take on books they went like this: ââ¬Å"I can twice as high take a look, itââ¬â¢s in a book A Reading Rainbow, I can go anywhere, Friends to know and ways to grow, Reading Rainbow, I can be anything take a look itââ¬â¢s in a book. â⬠Those lyrics are so true. Reading a book you can read about how life was in the 1700ââ¬â¢s up until our generation today. I could be a detective who solves a famous mystery or I could be the killer trying to get away. I can learn to speak another language. There are so many things and topics in reading a book that can change your appearance, your political viewpoints, and change your attitude. Some say that books might become obsolete because movies are made from these books and you can watch the movies in two hours. Watching the movies a person feels that you can get the plot and conclusion of the book in two hours. This is true but for example if it is true life story the movie are going to change some parts of the books to make it more enjoyable, whereas the book is going to give you every detail the author wants you to have. Books gives people a conversation piece just like a movie but the only difference is books can join the world. Movies canââ¬â¢t be seen in some countries but a book can be read. So like the Reading Rainbow says ââ¬Å"take a look itââ¬â¢s in a bookâ⬠. So in conclusion reading a book is the best form of entertainment. Stephanie C. Williams November 20, 2010 Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-91323809264757908052020-01-23T12:18:00.001-08:002020-01-23T12:18:03.048-08:00Wisdom Leads to Suffering in Brave New World by George Orwell EssaySolomon spoke once, after a life filled with great wisdom of nature- chochmah tataââ¬â¢ah- that all of life exists for vanity, that purpose erases itself from existence and man is left with only a mean, purposeless life. Orwell, in 1984, realizes in his work that insight gained of the workings of a dystopic society, leads only to the discovery of purposelessness- the reduction of life to something other than that it purports to be. Orwellââ¬â¢s attack of wisdom takes shape through his usage of juxtaposition in character description, the telling nature of Winstonââ¬â¢s state post-discovery, and a most mystifying metaphysical description: the peril of knowing too much. In the same way that Solomon captured the essence of chochmah tataââ¬â¢ah, the wisdom of the external, so Winston gains more knowledge of the external world, in the same way that Solomon (or a Qohelet pretending to be him) wrote of despair issuing from wisdom in Ecclesiastes, Winston finds himself suffering more than the people around him, due to his wisdom. In 1984, Doublethink forces the entire society, both the proles (because of their intelligence quotients) and the higher echelon of people (in order to keep power), into a stupor which leaves the without any knowledge of their situation in life, and completely- obliviously- happy. Though Orwell paints a picture of a crumbling world, the people within see no need to improve it because the simply choose to ignore problems. The people around Winston find themselves duped into believing blindly, without wisdom, and are content while Winston, aware of his surroundings, constantly struggles. Orwellââ¬â¢s message here screams to t he reader that knowledge leads to pain. Winston, strolling to work one day, sees a man with a twitch- fightin... ...fering and death of the combatants. The only outcomes of increased knowledge and wisdom of the external- chochmah tataââ¬â¢ah, exist as oppression and death. Orwell, though speaking out against the oppressiveness of societies, argues more strongly that humanityââ¬â¢s gain of wisdom about corruption leads only to suffering. The author of 1984 brings these points to fruition in his character analysis, and his analysis of reality itself. In the same way that Adam sampled the fruit of The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil and gained only death, the addition of wisdom to the human consciousness leads only to suffering. The epic told to represent this story by Orwell ends with the argument that ââ¬Å"War is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength.â⬠(4), the argument that when ignorance is lost, suffering and weakness follow. Work cited: Brave New World, by George Orwell. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-10761333368511607142020-01-15T08:42:00.001-08:002020-01-15T08:42:05.270-08:00Performance Review PaperBOTOX UK LTD PERFORMANCE REVIEW FORM Date of Review â⬠¦17th April 2013â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. Period Covered â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Oct 2012 ââ¬â March 2013â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Name of Manager â⬠¦Tessa Thomasâ⬠¦ Name of employee â⬠¦Angela Marranerâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Job Role of Employee â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Senior Customer Sales Advisorâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. Please complete and return to your line manager at least 7 days before your review date 1. How do you feel you have performed over the last six months in your role? I feel that my performance is not up to my usual standards, as I have not met my monthly sales targets for the last six months.I feel that my work ethic still feels consistent and I have still been exceeding my customer service targets. I think the lack of sales is due to higher admin work due to the influx of new starters not confident with the processes. 2. What do you feel has gone well over the last six months? I am an excellent team player and have enjoyed the new responsibility of assisting the new starters. This has helped me increase product knowledge and learn how to train.Alongside that my customer service scores are still exceeding and I have successfully maintained excellent after call work where possible. 3. What do you feel has not gone so well? Unfortunately although I have a new found responsibility to assist the new starters, my sales targets over the last six months have not met my usual standard. I have a lot of adhoc work from the new starters and there for this is affecting my sales targets. 4. Please review targets below and explain reasons for any targets not achieved. Months |Oct |Nov |Dec |Jan |Feb |March | |Actual |? 4,000 |? 5,000 |? 7,,850 |? 3,000 |? 4,000 |? 4,000 | |Achieved |? 2,000 |? 2,500 |? 3,500 |? 1,500 |? 2,000 |? 2,000 | Customer Service Months |Oct |Nov |Dec |Jan |Feb |March | |Set Target |85% |80% |80% |85% |85% |85% | |Actual |90% |89% |89% |90% |96% |95% | 5. Please highlight any training or development that would benefit you in your role or personal development. â⬠¢ Delegate out new starters work evenly to senior customer advisors Mentoring to supervisor role/Team Leader role. 6. What is your goal for the next year? My aspiration for the next 12 months is to complete my NVQ to become a team leader within the department. |Objective |How it will be measured |Timescale/ Review date | |Met/ Exceed sales targets |Achieved sales targets will be measured |Monitored and reviewed monthly. Overall | | |against sales targets set by floor manager. |review 6 months time. |To work towards a Team Leader position by |By keeping a log of any extra responsibility |6 months to a year | |taking on more responsibility and training. |and training undertaken and reviewing what I | | | |learnt and how I will use this going forward. | | |To hit over 90% on customer service scores |Achieved scores will be mea sured against |Monitored and reviewed monthly. Overall | | |company customer service targets. review in 6 months. | 7. Is there anything other than what we have discussed already that you would like to raise? I would like to find out if I can get support to complete my nvq to better myself at work. 7. Outline agreed actions to overcome any shortfall against targets including such factors as training and development needs, equipment needs or medical support ââ¬â ââ¬â ââ¬â 8 Indicate whether a performance related bonus should be made at current rates. â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã ¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Signed: Line Manager â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Date â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. Performance Review Paper BOTOX UK LTD PERFORMANCE REVIEW FORM Date of Review â⬠¦17th April 2013â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. Period Covered â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Oct 2012 ââ¬â March 2013â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Name of Manager â⬠¦Tessa Thomasâ⬠¦ Name of employee â⬠¦Angela Marranerâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Job Role of Employee â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Senior Customer Sales Advisorâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. Please complete and return to your line manager at least 7 days before your review date 1. How do you feel you have performed over the last six months in your role? I feel that my performance is not up to my usual standards, as I have not met my monthly sales targets for the last six months.I feel that my work ethic still feels consistent and I have still been exceeding my customer service targets. I think the lack of sales is due to higher admin work due to the influx of new starters not confident with the processes. 2. What do you feel has gone well over the last six months? I am an excellent team player and have enjoyed the new responsibility of assisting the new starters. This has helped me increase product knowledge and learn how to train.Alongside that my customer service scores are still exceeding and I have successfully maintained excellent after call work where possible. 3. What do you feel has not gone so well? Unfortunately although I have a new found responsibility to assist the new starters, my sales targets over the last six months have not met my usual standard. I have a lot of adhoc work from the new starters and there for this is affecting my sales targets. 4. Please review targets below and explain reasons for any targets not achieved. Months |Oct |Nov |Dec |Jan |Feb |March | |Actual |? 4,000 |? 5,000 |? 7,,850 |? 3,000 |? 4,000 |? 4,000 | |Achieved |? 2,000 |? 2,500 |? 3,500 |? 1,500 |? 2,000 |? 2,000 | Customer Service Months |Oct |Nov |Dec |Jan |Feb |March | |Set Target |85% |80% |80% |85% |85% |85% | |Actual |90% |89% |89% |90% |96% |95% | 5. Please highlight any training or development that would benefit you in your role or personal development. â⬠¢ Delegate out new starters work evenly to senior customer advisors Mentoring to supervisor role/Team Leader role. 6. What is your goal for the next year? My aspiration for the next 12 months is to complete my NVQ to become a team leader within the department. |Objective |How it will be measured |Timescale/ Review date | |Met/ Exceed sales targets |Achieved sales targets will be measured |Monitored and reviewed monthly. Overall | | |against sales targets set by floor manager. |review 6 months time. |To work towards a Team Leader position by |By keeping a log of any extra responsibility |6 months to a year | |taking on more responsibility and training. |and training undertaken and reviewing what I | | | |learnt and how I will use this going forward. | | |To hit over 90% on customer service scores |Achieved scores will be mea sured against |Monitored and reviewed monthly. Overall | | |company customer service targets. review in 6 months. | 7. Is there anything other than what we have discussed already that you would like to raise? I would like to find out if I can get support to complete my nvq to better myself at work. 7. Outline agreed actions to overcome any shortfall against targets including such factors as training and development needs, equipment needs or medical support ââ¬â ââ¬â ââ¬â 8 Indicate whether a performance related bonus should be made at current rates. â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã ¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Signed: Line Manager â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Date â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-71603157427743449852020-01-07T05:05:00.001-08:002020-01-07T05:05:03.890-08:00This piece of work will try to find the answer to the... This piece of work will try to find the answer to the question ââ¬ËIn Nietzscheââ¬â¢s first essay in the Genealogy of Morals, does he give a clear idea of what good and bad truly are and what his opinion of those ideas isââ¬â¢. It will give a brief overview of his first essay, it will also go into greater detail of what he claims good and bad truly are, and finally look at what he is trying to prove with this argument. It will look at his background in order to see if and how that has influenced his work and opinions. Nietzsche introduces the differences between what he names later in his first essay the master morality and slave morality. The first master morality is the ideas of the nobles, including solders and other ruling classes. This heâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦He expresses his disappointment in the fact that these people cannot see history in a clearer and unbiased way, all they talk about and then again when they come to their conclusions their words and their conclusions are all influenced by the moral ideas of the time they live in. Nietzsche claims that to read history one must take an unbiased view and separate themselves from their own personal morals and ideas, and the morals and ideals of the society they live and were brought up in. this view should also be taken when reading the works of Nietzsche himself, meaning that for example, just because Nietzsche sees and talks about slave morality as having its beginning in what he called Jewish hate, when reading the piece you shou ld not take his words as a condemnation, of the Jewish ways, morality, or even of the ideal that is known as ââ¬Ëhatredââ¬â¢. When he goes into detail he is not calling any of the things he mentions ââ¬Ëgoodââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëbadââ¬â¢ and in fact he seems to be criticizing what the people in modern times see as ââ¬Ëgoodââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëbadââ¬â¢ and if such concepts even truly exist . He later talks about how it is the morals and the loathing of what he names the ââ¬Ëslave or priest classesââ¬â¢ for the ââ¬Ëmasterââ¬â¢Show MoreRelatedStaying True to Self: Examining the Elements which Hinder Assimilation in Sherman Alexieââ¬â¢s Reservation Blues and Tyehimba Jessââ¬â¢ Leadbelly2263 Words à |à 10 Pagesand traditions that changes an individual. Forced or willingly done, this act of assimilation is a loss of a personââ¬â¢s identity within his/or her own culture, whether he/or she is African, Native American, Chinese or Latino. However, who says that one must fully assimilate into another culture, taking on anotherââ¬â¢s entire way of living and committing to those beliefs, ridding oneself of oneââ¬â¢s own heritage? 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These traditions, appearing in the colonial period, have constructed a notion of universalism in literature where the ââ¬Ëclassicsââ¬â¢ of the western canon have set the order of the day (AshcroftRead MoreFate and Destiny7886 Words à |à 32 Pagesa great deal of attention given to the ââ¬Å"free will versus determinismâ⬠debate. However, little attention has been paid to the most common expressions from this controversyââ¬âpeopleââ¬â¢s everyday experience of fate and destiny. In fact, fate and destiny are terms that are often used as synonyms as if there were no differences between the two words. This paper distinguishes the two concepts by reviewing some historical distinctions made by a variety of p hilosophers, psychologists and scientists. The paperRead MoreThe Influence of Music on Self and Society - Values in Music in Eastern and Western Cultures8787 Words à |à 36 Pagesand societies alike. Felix Mendelssohn once remarked that music is more specific about what it expresses than words written about those expressions could ever be. That music has the power to express, convey and illicit powerful emotions is without question, however the issue of musics moral and ethical power, and how that power affects individuals and societies, is one that receives too little attention in our post-modern world. Ancient cultures held strong beliefs in the moral and ethical power of Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-30978520522576772972019-12-30T01:31:00.001-08:002019-12-30T01:31:02.963-08:00The Importance Of Special Learning Needs For Children With... Background For this assignment, a series of question was asked to an individual who frequently interacts with children with some form of disability. The purpose of this assignment is to gain a deeper understanding of students with disabilities, the individuals who interact with them, and different processes/aspects of special education. Amy Edwards - a special education teacher at McKinley Elementary located in Xenia, Ohio was interviewed. Ms. Edwards first became interested in special education at a young age. The pastor at her church had a daughter with special needs. Ms. Edwards had the opportunity to get to know the daughter on a personal level and developed a passion for children with disabilities. It was then that she decided sheâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The students Ms. Edwards works with on a daily basis have several different learning disabilities. However, all of the students Ms. Edwards instruct are currently in Tier 3 of Respond to Intervention. In Teaching Students Who Are Exc eptional, Diverse, and at Risk Vaughn describes RTI Tier 3 students as those who may need ââ¬Å"even more intensive intervention [such as] longer instructional sessions, smaller group, instruction more specifically aligned with their learning needsâ⬠(Vaughn, 2014). More specifically, Ms. Edwards instructs students with Autism, specific learning disabilities, emotional disturbances, intellectual disabilities, type 1 diabetes, muscular dystrophy, speech and languages disorders, and students with traumatic brain injuries. Furthermore, Ms. Edwards also works with students who have different learnings styles. For example, she will works with students in small groups who do have receive the one-on-one attention they need in the general education classroom. Most of the students with a different type of learning style such as visual or kinesthetic learners are able to use various materials in Ms. Edwardsââ¬â¢ classroom in order to be more successful. Pictures or writing prompts may be given. Students who are kinesthetic learners may educational games or magnetic letters to gain a deeper understanding of a concept. The majority of students in Ms. Edwardsââ¬â¢ classroom may respond to specific assessment questions or prompts orally rather than in Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-79036825950834803512019-12-21T21:17:00.001-08:002019-12-21T21:17:03.090-08:00Organisational Behaviour - 1320 Words 10/3/2010 Lecture Map: We Are Here... Lecture Map: We Are Here... Individual â⬠¢Biographical Traits â⬠¢Personality â⬠¢Values Attitudes â⬠¢Ability Group â⬠¢Communication â⬠¢Other Groups â⬠¢Conflict â⬠¢Power Politics â⬠¢Group Structure â⬠¢Work Teams â⬠¢Leadership â⬠¢Decision Making Organization â⬠¢Culture â⬠¢Structure â⬠¢Design â⬠¢Technology â⬠¢Work Processes â⬠¢Selection Processes â⬠¢Training Programs â⬠¢Appraisal Practices Lecturer: Cheryl ââ¬Å"Nyahraâ⬠Gittens â⬠¢Perception â⬠¢Motivation â⬠¢Individual Learning â⬠¢Decision Making 1 Lecturer: Cheryl Nyahra Gittens 2 The Motivation Process What Is Motivation? Motivation The processes that account for an individualââ¬â¢s willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organizational goals, conditioned by theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Existence needs are similar to Maslowââ¬â¢s physiological and E it d i il t M l ââ¬â¢ h i l i l d security needs. Relatedness needs are those that require interpersonal interaction to satisfy (prestige and esteem from others). Growth needs are similar to Maslowââ¬â¢s needs for selfâ⬠esteem and selfâ⬠actualization. 13 14 Alderferââ¬â¢s ERG Theory Concepts: More than one need can be operative at the same time. Core Needs Alderferââ¬â¢s ERG Theory Need Growth Needs Progression Need Regression Existence: provision of basic material requirements. Relatedness: desire for relationships. Growth: desire for personal development. If a higher-level need cannot higher level be fulfilled, the desire to satisfy a lower-level need increases. Relatedness Needs Existence Needs 15 16 Herzbergââ¬â¢s Twoâ⬠Factor Theory ââ¬â A theory of motivation based on job satisfaction. â⬠¢ A satisfied employee is motivated from within to work harder. â⬠¢ A dissatisfied worker is not selfâ⬠motivated to work. â⬠¢ Conclusion: Enriched jobs are the key to selfâ⬠motivation. ââ¬â Dissatisfiers: factorsShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Behaviour What Is Organisational Behaviour?1166 Words à |à 5 PagesORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR What is organisational behaviour? The study of human behaviour, attitudes and performance within an organisational setting; drawing on theory, methods and principles from such disciplines as psychology, sociology and cultural anthropology to learn about individual, groups and processes. 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It is clear that CI and EI both have very different roles in the modern organisation and they assist in the prediction of success in both personal and professionalRead More Organisational Behaviour4208 Words à |à 17 PagesUnit 3: Organisations and Behaviour Assignment 1 An organisation is defined as a clearly bounded group (or groups) of people interacting together to achieve a particular goal in a formally structured and co-coordinated way. A hierarchy organisation is when employees are ranked at various levels within the organisation, each level is one above the other. A tall hierarchical organisation has many levels and a flat hierarchical organisation will only have a few. Flat Hierarchy http://limkokwingmbaRead MoreOrganisational Behaviour2798 Words à |à 12 PagesThe organisational organ known as the team is becoming more and more apparent in todays dynamic business world. 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Classical Approach Firstly, classical approach emphasis on the planning of the work, the technicalRead MoreOrganisational Behaviour6289 Words à |à 26 Pages1.0 Introduction The aim of this report is to analyse two companies who have significantly different organisational structures. It will analyse the relationship between an organisations structure and culture and the effects on the business performance. Also the factors which influence an individualââ¬â¢s behaviour at work will be looked into. The two companies that will be focused on are: 1.1 British Telecom (BT) BT is a leading communications solutions provider serving customers throughout theRead MoreOrganisational Behaviour1757 Words à |à 8 PagesINDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT THE MANAGERS JOB IN CONTEXT COURSE TITLE: ORGANISATIONS: BEHAVIOUR, STRUCTURE, PROCESSES PRESENTATION DATE: 06 / 05 / 2012 Table Of Contents: i) Abstract ii) Introduction iii) Job Responsibilities: Bank Manager iv) Key Personnel Description and Relationships a) Organization b) Tellers / Personal Bankers c) Customers - Existing / Potential d) Specialist Managers / RelationshipRead MoreOrganisational Behaviour1757 Words à |à 8 PagesINDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT THE MANAGERS JOB IN CONTEXT COURSE TITLE: ORGANISATIONS: BEHAVIOUR, STRUCTURE, PROCESSES PRESENTATION DATE: 06 / 05 / 2012 Table Of Contents: i) Abstract ii) Introduction iii) Job Responsibilities: Bank Manager iv) Key Personnel Description and Relationships a) Organization b) Tellers / Personal Bankers c) Customers - Existing / Potential d) Specialist Managers / Relationship Managers e) Summary v) Diagram: Branch Structure Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-72981746013741928232019-12-13T17:47:00.001-08:002019-12-13T17:47:04.388-08:00Social Media as Marketing Tools-a Case of Coca-Cola Free Essays string(83) " on Facebook along with celebrity artiste icons like Lady Gaga, Rihana and Eminem\." Back ground of Coca-cola Coca-cola started in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886 by Dr. John Stith Pemberton. He was a local Pharmacist. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media as Marketing Tools-a Case of Coca-Cola or any similar topic only for you Order Now After producing Coca-cola syrup he carried it down to another pharmaceutical store on the street, where it was sampled and pronounced as exceptional. The sales of the drink called Coke thereafter, began. It was not at first sold as bottled drink; rather it was sold from the fountain for five cents a glass. Carbonated water was later combined with the newly discovered syrup to produce the drink known as coca-cola today. Coca-cola is known all over the world for its unique taste which its competitors have not been able to beat. Dr. Pemberton partner with a man called Frank M. Robinson-a bookkeeper- to create the name Coca-cola. After considering the advertising aspect of the product, Robinson came up with the unique name known as ââ¬Å"Coca-colaâ⬠today. Coca-cola was first advertised in The Atlanta Journal, through the journal the citizens were invited to taste ââ¬Å"the new and popular fountain drinkâ⬠. While the product tasting were ongoing, series of advertising campaigns were also put in place to aggressively promote the newly found drink. The people passing by were invited to try the drink with the hope of passing the message across after tasting. During the first year, the average sales of coca-cola rose to nine drinks per day. Dr. Pemberton never realized the future prospect of the drink he created; therefore, he sold a portion of his business to different partners. In 1888 before his death, he sold the remaining part of Coca-cola to Asa G. Candler-An Atlanta business guru, who later proceeded to buy additional rights and completely took over the operation of Coca-cola (The chronicle of Coca-cola). Coca-cola brand image Coca-cola is a leading name brand in the carbonated drink industry therefore; the name plays a major role in the sales of the product. With a very strong distribution channel that makes the products readily available everywhere in the world and a unique brand image that places the product on the mind of it targets audience so much that, Coca-cola becomes an addiction within some quarters. This background knowledge gives Coke the greater opportunity to service a larger geographical population in various capacities (Coca-cola marketing mix 83). Coca-Colaââ¬â¢s brand personality reveals the positioning of its brand. Coca-cola strategically positioned it products in the mind of it targets group that they see the product as part of their daily lives and this strategic brand positioning often plays a major impact in taking decision. The association between the brand and the consumers sometimes result in brand loyalty and invariably makes the purchasing decision easier for the consumers. Coca-cola packaging system remains one of their strengths in the market. Although the bottling of Coca-cola has undergone series of transformation all through the years throughout the world but the brand remains consistent in its distinctive taste all over the world. In other words, the product remains the same both in taste and packaging globally (Coca-cola marketing mix 83). The age of social media marketing Social media marketing is the process or strategy of using social media websites like, facebook, twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, MySpace etc. to promote a company and its products. Over the years technology has brought about changes in the way we do business. The new age of technology has undoubtedly altered the ways most companies also conduct their business activities. This technology inclined age therefore, makes buying decision easier for the target market segment. Earlier before the advent of social media; media outlet were limited to radio, TV and various print media, this made it easier for the advertiser to reach their ââ¬Å"mass audienceâ⬠using promotions through these available medium then. The media proliferation gave birth to various media channels which in turn have allowed consumers to have options when it comes to media usage as a result of modern invention. It is very germane to note at this point, that the media availability really have a sporadic impact on consumersââ¬â¢ behaviors. Such impact include: Interactivity, Customization and Social interaction (Social marketing meet interactive media). The social media network has therefore, becomes so important that it is a must have for any company that wants to be relevant in the 21st century. It has contributed to the development and success of many companies in various ways. The case of Coco-cola is not an exception among the companies who are strategically using the social media marketing tools to draw followers to their brands. According to Jack Yan, The purpose for brands in any social media approach must be to serve the organization both internally and externallyâ⬠¦ He went further to state the nine goals of social media usage by a brand. Such goals include: * Building a sense of membership or citizenship with the organization * Promoting communication and acceptance of the brand * Encourage the audience to engage in dialogue about the brand * Building positive brand association * Building brand awareness * Acting as a channel through which information about the brand can be obtained * Inform the consumers of the vision behind the brand * Help the organization to maintain a competitive ground * Act as a channel to know if the brand is been properly communicated to the consumers and * Build a perceived quality of the brand (Social medial in branding). Coca-cola effectively combines the above mentioned goals in its social media usage through the huge numbers of followers on its social medial page. Its continuous utilization of social medial marketing tools like Facebook, Twitter and Youtube, has undoubtedly given the company an insight into what the consumers are saying about its brand. Coca-cola facebook utilization Facebook is one of the fastest growing social networks with over 400 million users all over the world, it has both young and grownups as active users (Facebook: challenges and opportunities for Business communications students). Coca-cola is one of the most popular brands on Facebook along with celebrity artiste icons like Lady Gaga, Rihana and Eminem. You read "Social Media as Marketing Tools-a Case of Coca-Cola" in category "Essay examples" Coke has over forty-one million fans (www. facebook. com/cocacola). Coke is the 15ht most popular Facebook pageâ⬠¦ (usatoday. com) On Facebook, Coca-cola has over 35 million ââ¬Å"likeâ⬠â⬠¦according to Wendy Clark-Coke senior vice president of integrated Marketing, she saysâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ having all the fans respond to coke is meaningful. This is because; such responses are likely to generate more sales for the brand coke. She went further to lay emphasis on how such colossal responses from the fans on face book are to the advantage of coca-cola (usatoday. com). The nature of the social media networks site deliberately makes it possible to share information among the users. Facebook has a high utility growth and this allows sharing of information amongâ⬠all friends in one-place solutionâ⬠achievable (Too many Facebook ââ¬Å"Friendsâ⬠â⬠¦). More so, through its viral distribution of messages, Facebook allows target consumers to pass messages and ads to friends with ease. The online messaging allows comments to be passed on transmitted messages like ads (Viral advertising in social mediaâ⬠¦). Coca-cola understands this behavior, therefore, it virally engaged its targets audience through series of information about its brand. Coca-cola twitter utilization Twitter was introduced in 2006 as a blogging site that permits users to share different kinds of messages online vial medium called tweets (Follow me! Global Marketersââ¬â¢ Twitter use). Through these medium users are able to share messages and comments on various issues going on around them. Twitter has one hundred and sixty million users and send an upward of ninety million message everyday (Twitter as a medium of message). Coca-cola has over five hundred and thirty thousand followers on twitter (Twitter, Inc). These followers are constantly engaging in various topics about the brand coca-cola on the webpage. Through the twitter page consumers are informed about any ongoing promotion and program of Coca-cola. Twitter also stands as one of the avenues through which the consumers get information about any new ads message concerning the brand. The twitter ââ¬âverse according to Clark, has a profound impact on how coke deal with consumers feedback. Coke monitors the questions posted on Twitter and answers them. Clark says twitter has brought changes to coke customer service approach. More staffs are now been put on twitterââ¬â¢s page to respond to the ongoing traffic demands of the twitter page (usatoday. com). Coca-cola YouTube utilization YouTube is a none-paid for social media website that enables users to upload their videos and share them through the internet (Peers or expert? ). It was created in 2005; it has over a 100 million videos per day. This massive number account for 60% of all online videos. The nature of YouTube broadcasting allows the users to share their opinions online concerning the videos they have seen through rating (Social interaction and co-viewing with YouTube: Blending Mass Communicationâ⬠¦). Coke employs the use of YouTube for advertising purpose through which the viewers can pass comments on their advert. The use of YouTube by Coca-cola gives the viewers the opportunity to view and pass comments on their ads. These commentaries generated helps coke in furthering their creativity when else they plan another advert. The reason has been that such commentaries are not immediately receivable under the traditional TV adverts. Though there are many other sites through which one can upload videos but coca-cola YouTube engagement gives better viewing opportunity in terms of marketing to the larger audience. A scene from an advertisement provided by coca-cola on YouTubeâ⬠¦ Result of the brand The social media world has invariably changed the nature of the modern day business approach and it has so far brought so many challenges and success to those brands using them to promote their products at different stages. Coca-cola through the social media utility has been able to generate millions of followers and viewers all over the world. These viewers in turn promote the brand through their spending on Coca-cola brands. Coca-cola has over 2 billion people drinking coke globally. A success story that is linkable to its creative prowess and leveraging with social media network sites like Facebook, twitter and YouTube (Cokeââ¬â¢s social media successâ⬠¦). Coca-cola through the usage of these media continues to build an empire of loyal followers. Coca-cola having built these enormous followers does not just live them to communicate in isolation, rather the company strategically put a monitoring body in place that responds to the followers queries and provide immediate response. Wendy Clark in an address recognized that ââ¬Å"social listeningâ⬠is very important in social media; it is necessary to communicate back to the followers. She saidâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ forget about theâ⬠likeâ⬠button. Itââ¬â¢s all about the ââ¬Å"shareâ⬠. Itââ¬â¢s the most important. She concluded by saying that whatever content the company has to create must be shareable. She shared the story of a man who through immediate response from the Coca-cola twitterââ¬â¢s team went ahead and purchased a Vitamin water drink-an extended brand of Coca-cola (Coca-cola VP Talksâ⬠¦). A result oriented communication! Connectivity Coca-cola through it social media connect various groups via online activities. This engagement gives the opportunity to the consumers to share their experiences about the products among themselves. It also allows Co-ca cola to have feedbacks on how the brand is doing in the market place. These feedbacks help in developing marketing strategies for the brand. From the ongoing, it is certain that Coca-cola social medial presence and engagement with its consumers has not only created awareness and loyalty for the brand; it has also generated increase in sales for the brand through its huge cyber group followers. As a result of its involvement with its followers, the brand is able to connect globally with the consumers at various locations all over the world within a particular circle-the social network. It is therefore, very necessary within this paper to recognize the fact that, social media as a marketing tool plays a significant part in the brandââ¬â¢s ability to reach its target audience. References 1. The chronicle of Coca-cola: Birth of a refreshing idea: Retrieved on 05/02/2012, from http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/heritage/chronicle_birth_refreshing_idea. html 2. Coca-cola marketing mix 83: Retrieved on 05/02/2012, from http://www. bilara. hubpage. com/hub/coca-cola-0 3. Coca-cola Fans page: Retrieved on 05/03/2012 from http://www. facebook. com/cocacola 4. Twitter, Inc (us): Retrieved on 05/03/2012 from http://www. coca-cola. com/en/index. html 5. Cokeââ¬â¢s media success makes a lot out of little: Retrieved on 05/03/2012 from http://www. millwardbrown. com/global/blog/post/2011-12-19/coke-s-social-media-success-makes-a-lot-out-of-a-little. aspx 6. Coca-cola VP Talks about the keys to social media success: Retrieved on 05/03/2012 from http://www. marketingpilgrim. com/2011/04/coca-cola-vp-talks-about-the-keys-to-social-media-success. html 7. Brandtzaeg, P. , Luders, M. , Skjetene, J. (2010). Too many Facebook ââ¬Å"friendsââ¬â¢? Content sharing and sociability versus the Need for privacy in social Network sites. International Journal of Human-computer interaction, 06-, 26(11/12), 1006-1030. doi: 10. 1080/10447318. 20010. 516719 8. Chu-chuan, C. (2011). Viral Advertising in social media: Participation in facebook Group Responses among college-Age users, Journal of Interactive Advertising, 12(10), 30-34 9. Decarie, C. (2010). Facebook: Challeges Opportunities for Business Communication Students. Business Communication Quarterly, 73(4), 449-452. doi: 10. 1177/1080569910385383 10. Harisdakis, P. , Hanson, G. 2009). Social Interaction and co-viewing with YouTube: Blending Mass Communication Reception and Social Connection Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media, (53(2), 317-335. doi: 10. 1080/08838150908270 11. Hye-Jin P. , Hove, T. , Hyun Ju. , Mikyyoung, K. (2011). Peer or expert?. International Journal of Advertising 30(1), 161-188. 12. Hill, R. P. , Moran, N. (2011). Social marketing meets interactive media. International Journal of Advertising. 30(5), 815-838. doi. 10. 2501/IJA-30-5-815-838. 13. Kwon ES Sung, Young Jun (2011), Follow me! Global markers ââ¬ËTwitterââ¬â¢ Use. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 12 (10), 4-16. 14. Savage, N. (2011). Twitter as medium and message communication of The ACM, 54(3), 18-20. doi: 10. 1145. 1897860. 15. Yan, J. (2011). Social media in branding: Fulfilling a need. Journal of Branding Management, 18(9), 688-698. doi: 10. 1057/bm. 2011. 19 Abstract The social media group is very relevant in the modern day marketing strategy, it is very crucial for any brand that wants to be successful in todayââ¬â¢s marketing operation to fully utilize the numerous advantages associated with this viral tool in marketing communications. This paper examines the results of, and the utilization of three social media tools by Coca-cola to connect, and create awareness among its target audience. The strategic use of these social media tools-Facebook, Twitter and YouTube eventually leads to more sales for Coca-cola brand. Table of contents Background history of Coca-colaââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â-i Coca-cola brand imageââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â-ii The How to cite Social Media as Marketing Tools-a Case of Coca-Cola, Essay examples Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-4953487455399978752019-12-05T14:08:00.001-08:002019-12-05T14:08:02.895-08:00Caterpillar IOT Initiative-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com Question: Using an internet search, explore an Internet of Things project currently underway or already in place. Provide a detailed account of the issue it responds to and outline its key features. Consider from more than one point of view. Provide arguments for and against the main ideas and draw a Conclusion. Answer: Introduction In an attempt to improve its equipment and customer relations, Caterpillar Inc. (Worlds leading manufacturers of mining and Construction Company) has unveiled a predictive and analytic technology to optimise machine availability. In essence, the company will establish an end to end platform that will provide customers with predictive diagnostics and analytics for the machines they use. In all the project is designed to respond to the major issue of combating systems failures, where a proactive approach will be used, unlike the existing system that mainly uses a reactive approach (TMV, 2015). Project analysis According to Caterpillar, the project will generally apply the concepts of the Internet of Things (IoT) where sensors and actuators will be fitted into the companys machinery to provide customers with the necessary diagnostic data. This data will then be transformed into actionable intelligence across all the platforms the customers use i.e. web and other online applications (Roberts, 2016). Features of the project To meet the needs of the project, the company (Caterpillar Inc.) has contracted one of the leading ICT companies, Uptake to implement the necessary IoT equipment. On its behalf, Uptake is well known for its analytic tools, that combines both design and hardware systems which will form the foundation of the IoT project. Therefore, as a first step, the project will start by installing the necessary IoT sensors in all the machinery used by Caterpillar. However, to meet the needs of the technology, only the newly manufactured equipment will be fitted with new systems. Secondly, Uptake will link these sensors with predictive systems based on locomotive structure. These predictive systems are purely designed to optimise the solutions provided by electro-motive diesel (EMD), a major component of Caterpillar industry (Caterpillar, 2017). Thirdly, Uptake will use its expertise and analytic tools to assess the data obtained by the IoT infrastructure. Now, its through these assessments that Cat erpillar will leverage the data it acquires from its customers thus provide them with the necessary insights into their operations (TMV, 2015). Discussion IoT presents many benefits to the users, for instance as shown case above, the customers will be able to manage their operations based on the control given by the predictive system. Moreover, they will be able to assess the behaviour of their equipment on a real time basis, based on the end to end operational platform. To the customers themselves, this will improve their experience while using their equipment. This outcome will be as a result of the increased operational conveniences that will substantially increase revenues and operation safety (Cognizant, 2014). On the other hand, the company (Caterpillar Inc.) will increase its customer satisfaction rate which will result in more revenues as well as other operational conveniences. In addition to these outcomes, other additional benefits such as pollution reduction will be experienced as a result of the minimal energy consumptions and carbon emissions. However, while the project may have its resounding benefits it also faces many challenges that will defiantly affect its implementation and operational effectiveness. First, its a new technology and therefore it will lack the necessary standards for operation. A consequence of this outcome is data management issues where peoples privacy will be compromised (Cognizant, 2014). Moreover, the data in question will include content legally owned by the customers i.e. names, location and addresses among many others. This content is legally classified as the intellectual property of the users which will cause a serious security problem. Finally, consider the complexity of the project, from managing the data itself to linking the predictive system through secure connections and structures. Regardless of the measures put in place by both companies (Caterpillar and Uptake), they will have to contend with inconveniences, such as data breaches and system failures (OECD, 2016). Conclusion To many, IoT is the next evolution of the internet as it will provide services based on the immediate needs of the customers. The project at hand provides a simple illustration of this objective where the users (Caterpillar Inc. customers) will be able to optimise their operations based on the predictive diagnostic system. This system, which mainly depends on the features of IoT (as outlined above) will facilitate a proactive failure response. As a result of this outcome, many benefits will be experienced such as improved customer experience, safety and increased revenues. Yes, there will be drawbacks mainly with regards to data security and privacy, however, these minor setbacks should not act as an excuse for limiting the application of the technology. In actual fact, they should motivate the industry to invest in IoT technology so that it's able to develop effective solutions for the challenges it faces. References Caterpillar. (2017). Caterpillar official website. Retrieved 03 August, 2017, from: https://www.caterpillar.com/en/company.html Cognizant. (2014). Reaping the Benefits of the Internet of Things. Cognizant Reports. Retrieved 03 August, 2017, from: https://www.cognizant.com/InsightsWhitepapers/Reaping-the-Benefits-of-the-Internet-of-Things.pdf OECD. (2016). The internet of things: seizing the benefits and addressing the challenges. Working Party on Communication Infrastructures and Services Policy. Retrieved 03 August, 2017, from: https://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=DSTI/ICCP/CISP(2015)3/FINALdocLanguage=En Roberts. F. (2016). 9 examples of manufacturers making IIoT work for them. Internet of business. Retrieved 03 August, 2017, from: https://internetofbusiness.com/9-examples-manufacturers-iiot/ TMV. (2015). Caterpillar advancing Internet of Things strategy. Retrieved 03 August, 2017, from: https://www.todaysmotorvehicles.com/article/truck-design-caterpillar-uptake-internet-of-things-030615/ Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-65305224157696733022019-11-28T15:44:00.001-08:002019-11-28T15:44:03.759-08:00The future for space tourism The future of space tourism is a hot debate today because the resent studies show that it is a phenomenon that the wealthy corporate as well as individuals such as the Californian Multi-Millionaire: Dennis Tito, are venturing into with the aim of reaching the Low Orbit Earth (LEO). This is an indication that the venture is going to be a well paying tourism sector. In addition, a large goal for the many developing space ship companies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The future for space tourism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They hope to shuttle cargo and the astronauts through a Commercial Orbital Transport System (COTS) to International Space Station (ISS). Companies like ââ¬Å"Scaled Composites, Blue Origin, and SpaceX are developingâ⬠space commercial crafts as well as programs to enable people tour the earthââ¬â¢s orbit. The critics behind this industry are the costs involved. Millionaires such as Dennis Tito, Mark Shuttleworth, Anousheh Ansari, Charles Simonyi and, Greg Olsen have spent approximately $20 million for a couple of days tour to space aboard the ISS. In line with Laliaberte Guy (1, 2009), he was the seventh private client to take a space adventure in September 30, 2009 in a poetic special mission to create public awareness regarding the ââ¬Å"ONE DROPâ⬠foundation. For this reason, the characteristic of the playground is for the rich since there are strong indications regarding the costs involved. The future aspiration is on making space tourism available at affordable rates for the middle class. Just like the rush for space was a couple of years back, the race for space tourism is currently at is boiling point and thus this tourism industry has high growth expectations. Background information of the space tourism predicament The capability for space transportation has over the years seen very little advancement if any to facilitate a solution to the big obstacle of space development. New programs and equipments are essential requirements to facilitate space development and access. The reasons why people suffer from high space tourism costs is lack of proper space ships. This means that companies launch space ships that are highly volatile and thus the disposals after only a few usages. Today, there is urgent need for an approach that will move to a more rational and affordable space visit program. The biggest challenge is the ability to come up with a more robust, highly reliable but frequently reusable space ship: Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV). Thesis/Problem statement ââ¬Å"Future expectations of the space tourism,â⬠is a research investigating and analyzing patterns and available perspectives into the key themes of the proposed innovative developments concerning infrastructure, technological advancement, reusability to ships and, partnership between t he government and private sector. The collaboration enhances the existing capabilities to make the development affordable and available to more willing participants.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hypothesis Statement The future for Space tourism is a program for the rich. It is a common believe among most people that, space tourism is for the rich with because one of the key contributors for its development is finances. Purpose/Significance of the study The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the consequences and key concepts involved in the development and offer suggestions from the research findings on ways of reducing or eliminating the social, economical and emotional challenges behind the tourism sector. Objectives of the study This term paper lays down the need for researching the background of the future space tourism, its impact to the society and those who are involved as well as assessment over the importance of the future endeavours and possible policy recommendations. Significance of the study operations The key topics to be covered entail the focus over commercial architecture and the funding required for fostering its implementation. This is in the aim of lowering the high degree of requirement for the embryonic space tourism and its drive towards lower transportation cost to avail the next generation of efficiency over operations. he International Space Station (ISS) currently faces challenges related to cost overruns efficient in starting the developmental phase of the key elements required for architectural growth in support for long-term ISS needs, and facilitation of next-generation systems. The Procedure of the Study/Research Methodology The literature reviews will enable better understanding of the topic. Preparation of the research proposal over the chosen topic will enhance and quantify the research as a study topic and prepare for respondents. Information collected will equally tabulate and assist in ranking the findings form broad areas and help to narrow the scope to the objectives of the study analysis. The analysis will then draw the conclusion from generally analyzed data in the literature review.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The future for space tourism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The research findings will entail data collected through websites of the concern companies as well as marketing companies in the study area, observation of the proceedings over the specified data collection period. For the study analysis, the collected data and studies conducted used to discern patterns and formulate principles that might guide future action of the study subject. In this case study of space tourism the research checks the background information, progress, surveillance and examination of current state of matter and the involvement with other related cases. The analysis of records regarding internal as well as external consequences is equally important. Comparison of various space tourism vehicles manufactured today offers better understanding and analysis results. Correlation-prediction will involve statistically correlation and prediction of coefficients between aspiring and involved tourists. This term paper will therefore attempt to find or describe space tourism principles and explain existing status or competitions and propose future direction for the industry. Proposed Research Procedures The research study follows a design that samples some parental responses over the questions regarding availability of attributes, in supporting growth of a transport system that integrates a multi-faceted architecture in support for commercial space tourism. This advancement would support civil programs such as space exploration and settlement. The analysis of recently surveyed results ind icates that such a system would be in a position to address the current crisis in connection to the high cost of accessing space, ordinary liabilities, and unavailability of reusable systems into the current infrastructure. Literature Review Reusability The Space Transportation System (STS) in America has attempted to launch a reusable ship. Orbiter from space shuttle of an imitation produced in collaboration with Solid Rocket Booster (SRBs), which is well equipped with a wealth of knowledge with regard to the operability and reusability approaches. The Orbiter shuttle however requires a remote recovery procedure, which involves expensive manufacturing and some logistics recovery procedures to assist it take off.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means that there is grater need for enhancing refurbishment other than remanufacturing before reusing the shuttle. There is equality need to adjust the turn around time between the flight by adopting the technological advancement and design techniques. Basing the current technology on reusable boosters is the space shuttleââ¬â¢s greatest revolutionary step to space transportation system. The costs and markets The other issues prohibiting the launce of more available and affordable space shuttle for potential clients entail costs and markets. Considering the production, initiating the new reusable space vehicles would be expensive considering there is only a small number of unitsââ¬â¢ reusable while the rest need remanufacturing. Secondly, the current technology uses the chemically propelled rockets, which are equally expensive. The production of large SRB reusable boosters for commercial purposes would be economically unjustifiable, although the STS may make the system le ss expensive in operability. The reusable boosters would replace the SRBs but with the shuttle, being too close to the end of its lifetime, then it would not take full advantage of the technology. Other major problem includes the space launch market that needs to be sufficient in support for a new vehicle that engages enough number of voyages. The current space allows for approximately 1000 satellite launches over a 10-year period. Simple arithmetic would equate this to 100 payloads per year and any new system must compete within that market niche. There are serious difficulties associated with this because any new system must pay up developmental and production costs in the aim of making a profit. Currently, there is a very low traffic measure, which cannot economically justify the least cost space vehicle. It is easy to imagine the exotic and elegance of the outer space comfort and cruise experience but these orbital technologies and lifestyles require a merge between National Aer onautics and Space Administration (NASA) architectural technologies with quality marketing strategies such as entertainment. ââ¬Å"What markets would be involved in such space cruise ships?â⬠In line with the Space Tourism Society (1, n.d), the marketing strategies would require one to know the facilities to include in the space such as hotels, and the products and services on offer to sustain in such an awkward environments. Futon Corporation is an industrial leader for forecasting the markets related to space tourism. It has considerable amount of realistic advancement plans for space flights. People like travelling and having fun and thus will be willing for the same in spaceships. According to Futronââ¬â¢s report (10), they forecast indicate, ââ¬Å"Orbital space travel projects by 2021, will involve approximately 60 passengers flying annually, representing revenues in excess of US$300 million.â⬠There is need for ââ¬Å"market shockâ⬠and exploding demand may cause the economies of scale to act accordingly to the comfort levels where capitalist are in a position to venture into new markets such as the space ship markets and thus bring in more funds for the space transport system. Currently, the race over space tourism is between commercial enterprises. Upon the first commercial trip by Dennis Tito aboard a ââ¬Å"Soyuz TM-32,â⬠(Shayler, 1), in 2004 ââ¬Å"British aviator-financier Richard Branson announced the launch of Virgin Galactic, a company which will use Spaceship One technology, with hopes of launching sub-orbital flights by 2008â⬠. This race is evident with the virgin Atlantic launch of the ââ¬Å"Virgin Galacticââ¬â¢s space vehicles.â⬠This is a positive step since it has hybrid rocket motor power for enhancing reusability due to high amount of control it avails the pilots over landing. According to Virgin Galactic, this is a milestone catapult on the aviation industry and is for the good reason of enhancing space tourism. The space vehicle is currently an entirely carbon fused aviation means of space transport ever built therefore making it the most fuel resourceful system in comparison to its size. The vehicle is capable of currying huge payloads of approximately 35,0000lbs through high elevation over a wide range of miles. For the size of such a space ship, it has the ability to perform by manoeuvring over great heights (Virgin Galactic, 1). With this type of advancement, the space tourism emerges as a viable market considering its potential to generate high revenues thus the need to justify the investment requirements for a reduced cost of accessing the services. National Aeronautics and Space Administrationââ¬â¢s research on the matter indicates that tens of millions of the United States citizens would wish to travel privately to space if the parties involved were able to alleviate the current global market barriers in the industry. Today most governments fail to recognize the potential of space tourism investment as prospective ââ¬Å"revenue generating tax base or a drive to greater market drive for next generationâ⬠(Whalen, 3). However, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has greater initiative programs for generating reports over procedures to reduce risks and availing architectural requirements that meet the future generation space vehicles. The aim for space advancement has been a race between the Soviet Union and United States since 1957 when Soviet launched ââ¬Å"Sputnik 1â⬠(Siddiqi, 1). The pace has however slowed but exploration is still advancing. The USA launched a reusable shuttle in April 12, 1981 and USSR an ââ¬Å"automatic reusable space craft: Buran in November 15, 1988.â⬠The European Space Agency (ESA) lunched a commercial rocket: Aricane 4 to compete with National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) over the unmanned space investigations. This efforts by ESA have catalyzes efforts and ambitio ns such as the Aurora plan to send a human being on a mission to Mars by the year 2030. The U.S. president Bush administration also planed a mission to reach the same goal and equally have a crew exploration space ship for return trip to the moon. These events are an evidence of the continual race over space tourism. In 2005, the ESA group teamed up with Russia on what seem to be a head start to co-fund and subsequently develop the ââ¬Å"CEVâ⬠as a counterpart to ââ¬Å"Kliperâ⬠scheduled for a first launch in 2011 thus going way before the U.S. plans. Other nations such as China are in a position of increasing required competition over exploration of space tourism. Their funding may be excessively low in comparison to ESA and NASA but they have a success concerning ââ¬Å"Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou 6â⬠and further plans for a space station by the ââ¬Å"Chinese Space Program.â⬠In 2006, the U.S. through the Pentagon released a report over chinaââ¬â¢s growing sp ace power concerning their ââ¬Å"Chandrayaan-1â⬠mission and other space programs especially by India and Japan. Suggested Research The tourism market is a broad market like the military or civil market and thus the need for better definition and identification especially for the next generation of the space transport systems. The governments need to enhance measures that promote the appreciation of space tourism. This paper suggests further research findings over the government promotion procedures. The governments ought to know that the technological developments are an important aspect of the market environment for the functioning of the future generation especially in the aeronautic industry. There is equally the need to research on enhancing procedures to make people understand prospective market niche and depth in the space tourism. Identification of require future technologies is equally important considering that the industry is a multi million dollar investment, thus the need to understand the potential of the market in details, possible estimate figures and time of returns on investment. Conclusion The space tourism industry is similar to the past airline history. There are many potential passengers willing to pay for the journey to space and the governments should therefore consider this as an eminent opportunity to solve the current costly space access inconveniences. If the corporation between the private sector and the government is able to drive admission charges to a lower level with the aim of encouraging rebirth of a new arena that encourages commerce and industry, then there will be a great utilization of the space opportunities for growth. The space tourism is an identified market niche that might catalyze utilization of infrastructure in space especially due to future discoveries. Work Cited Futron Corporation. ââ¬Å"Space Tourism Market Study orbital space travel destinations with suborbital space travel.â⬠Wisconsin, Bethesd a, Maryland, MD. 2002. Web. Laliberte, Guy. ââ¬Å"Moving Stars and Earth for Water: Poetic special missionâ⬠. Space adventures. September 30, 2009. Web. Shayler, David J. ââ¬Å"Soyuz: A Universal Spacecraft.â⬠Rex Hall, 2003. Siddiqi, Asif A. ââ¬Å"Sputnik and the Soviet Space Challenge.â⬠2003. Space Tourism Society. ââ¬Å"The Orbital Lifestyle.â⬠A non-profit visionary space experience research and design organization. (n.d). Web. Virgin Galactic. ââ¬Å"Spaceships: Virgin Galacticââ¬â¢s Vehicles.â⬠(n.d). Web. Whalen, David J. ââ¬Å"Communications Satellites: Making the Global Village Possible.â⬠National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 2007. Web. This research paper on The future for space tourism was written and submitted by user Iliana H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-502792309646207942019-11-24T23:19:00.001-08:002019-11-24T23:19:03.642-08:00Choose A Product That Has Been Targeted For One Market Term PaperChoose A Product That Has Been Targeted For One Market Term Paper Choose A Product That Has Been Targeted For One Market ââ¬â Term Paper Example Defining the target market Home Depotââ¬â¢s products have traditionally being targeted towards men. However, guided by significance a house carries in the personal life of a person, its attachment with women, attributes of retreat, security and personalities compelled it to offer its DIY and home improvement products to women category. Detailed dissection of this target market goes as:Demographic- demographics will include women customers who demand coziness, personal touch and warmth to their residing place. It will be placed in high-class income cadre able to avail the services of professional builders and contractors.Socio-economic- it will include factors like working class of people and those who wish to add a unique element to their babies room or similar other section of the house.Psychographic- psycho graphically, Home Depotââ¬â¢s products in women category will cater to the needs of urban class customers. This will also incorporate features of enhanced appearance, stat us and show demanded by corporate clients.Lifestyle- Home Depotââ¬â¢s products will leave an experience in the minds of customers who consider their home dà ©cor and furnishing equivalent to their own personality.Defining the product mixThe product mix for this new group will encompass:Product: home improvement tools, do-it-yourself projects, home dà ©cor accessories, etc.Price: targeted at middle and high income strata.Place: women specially will be allowed to carry out their own renovations proudly through stores; corporate clients will be specially served through professionals and agents for added services (CCK 2011).Promotion: primary promotion will be done through women and family magazines and display of designed interiors at companyââ¬â¢s stores. Discount coupons and offer pamphlets will be distributed at real estate agents and offices also.Value-added products and servicesTo grab immediate attention and response, differential sections will be opened up at its stores. Busy customers will be served separately due to their hectic schedules and time constraints. Uniquely, short sessions for home improvement will also be conducted, providing customers with fundamental knowledge of colors, styles and aesthetics (Tolunay 2011). CCK. Home Depot. 19 November 2011 Tolunay, Cenk. Home Depot vs. Loweââ¬â¢s: Financial Analysis and Comparison. 19 November 2011 Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-23724441891506634992019-11-21T08:28:00.001-08:002019-11-21T08:28:15.446-08:00Use the literature to identify the internal and external factors which EssayUse the literature to identify the internal and external factors which affect the choice of market entry strategy and conduct research on those for your particular case - Essay Example The data used in the identification of the internal and external factors was obtained from a report by the Korean Government and internal analysis by IKEA on its profitability and strengths. This internal-external analysis of factors is provided in full in the appendix section of the paper with close references in the body of the report. The researcherââ¬â¢s indebtedness to foreign literature and ideas is shown in the text (in text citations) and in full in the bibliography section of the study. Direct exporting forms the most basic mode of exporting that IKEA can use in the entry of its products into the Korean market (Doole & Lowe, 2008). Based on the strong financial performance of the company in the previous year, IKEA can successfully enjoy from reduced costs due to economies of scale from concentrated production in the home country by directly exporting its products into the Korean market and subsequently enjoying control of the distribution chains. The company can either use sales representatives or importing distributors in the Korean market. The sales representatives will be comprised of foreign suppliers and manufactures of the IKEA products in the Korean market working for an established commission of sales (Lymbersky, 2008). This will be advantageous to IKEA as the sales representatives will provide support services in the foreign country. Importing distributors can be used by the company to purchase the products directly from IKEA in their own right and resell these products in the Korean market as wholesalers, retailer or a mix of both. These importing distributors are best suited for entry of products that are carried in inventory such as the appliances and furniture products manufactured by IKEA. A franchising agreement is a system in which a semi-independent business owner (franchisee) pays royalties and fees to a parent company (franchiser) in return for the right of identification of the franchisee to the trademark, sale of goods and use Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-1790147939312817512019-11-20T11:46:00.001-08:002019-11-20T11:46:06.268-08:00Nursing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 wordsNursing Management - Essay Example The paper tells that high turnover rates may lead to poor patient outcomes because the institution could loose employees who have gained some levels of expertise, familiarity with the work environment and patient trust. This has the potential of making the hospital to loose customers leading to reduce profit margins or reduced economies of scale. The institution also incurs expenses in the process of recruiting new staff. At times, the new workforce needs to be trained on certain skills that are important for quality patient outcomes. This means the higher the turn over rates, the higher the rate at which the institution incurs these expenses. Castle and Engberg explain that when the levels of absenteeism are high, the nurses who are available are forced to take mandatory overtime and this presents extra costs to the healthcare institution. This could also affect the efficiency of the available nurses because of working under strenuous conditions. Because of this, the healthcare inst itution may become limited in its capacity to handle normal number of patients. Absenteeism also leads to inconsistency in managing patient cases because teams handling patients have to be changed frequently and this may lead to poor patient outcomes and reduced trust by customers. In regard to patient privacy, nurses should consider the effects of breaching privacy on the patient such as withdrawal and lack of cooperation. There are also circumstances which require that nurses weigh the importance of revealing the patient information to some relevant information verses the risks of maintaining privacy. An example is where the parents of a youngsters have to be notified of their childââ¬â¢s condition so that they can support in paying for their treatment. If the youngsterââ¬â¢s condition is serious and the parents are not notified, the patient could die. Nurses should also consider the relevance of the third parties for example insurance companies or employers paying for a pat ientââ¬â¢s medical bills have the right to access the patientââ¬â¢s medical records or else they might not pay. Others could include people who could be potentially harmed by the patientââ¬â¢s condition. In the case of married couples, nurses should not withhold the medical records of their partners from them. 3) Discuss the importance of policy, protocol and procedure manuals in hospital wards. In hospital wards, policies are important in justifying some of the interventions taken by nurses that the patients could question for example referral of all patients suspected to be victims of physical abuse or rape to the most appropriate external medical provider. They also spell out permission granted to nurses in regard to some emergency cases for example administration of epinephrine to a anaphylaxis patient without an order from registered nurse or physician. Protocols guide nurses on the right thing to do in regard to their various roles for example what to include when mak ing orders for the treatment of a patient. These could include patientââ¬â¢s full names, frequency and route of administration, date and time ordered among others. Procedure manuals on the other hand ensure that right from reception, admission and henceforth, the correct medical examinations and procedures are conducted on all patients and they are given the right medications. 4) Define the term ââ¬Ëskill mixââ¬â¢, and explain why ââ¬Ëteam nursingââ¬â¢ is ââ¬Ëskill mixââ¬â¢. The term skill mix simply means a mix of staff in the workforce or the pooling of professionals from various fields to accomplish a given task. Roles and activities are demarcated among various categories of staff. Team nursing can be described as skill mix because it involves the working together of professionals Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-20059549748744996052019-11-18T05:54:00.001-08:002019-11-18T05:54:04.016-08:00An important family story or story some one told you EssayAn important family story or story some one told you - Essay Example He picked on everyone but he wasnââ¬â¢t so tough the woods didnââ¬â¢t scare him, at least a little. The woods were where suburbia and our world as we knew it ended, about two blocks from our street. Sometimes we would venture to the edge peering into the thick brush wondering how far it went, maybe to the ocean about 1000 miles away, we didnââ¬â¢t know. The few times we got close were when the trees were bare in the cold months. When the trees and brush was full with leaves you couldnââ¬â¢t see more than a few yards. The woods were that thick and that scary. When I asked my parents about the woods they answered with whatever they thought would satisfy my curiosity, in other words shut me up, but didnââ¬â¢t seem to know anything about what was in or beyond the thick treed darkness. It was dark, even in broad daylight. The woods were the perfect setting for nightmares and most kids must have had the same dreams because nobody would dare walk into the darkness. It was rumored that an old abandoned house was somewhere in the woods. This story was told by the much older kids who said they had been in it but nobody believed them. It wasnââ¬â¢t possible because nobody went into the woods, absolutely nobody. The house became an obsession with me and my friends, where was it, who lived there and what secrets was it hiding? We thought a murder likely happened there or at least somebody died in that house. Maybe there body is still there. Maybe the murderer still lives there, safe because nobody, not even the police would dare go. Yes, it was that frightening to a group of young kids whose imagination was fully engaged. Imagination was a large part of our lives at the time. We imagined being soldiers, sports stars, pop stars, or whatever. Imagining horrible secrets lurked in the house in the woods came easy for us. We became almost certain the house was haunted. It had to be because the woods certainly were haunted. One summer two Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8416780255421792360.post-14302955155801068312019-11-15T18:26:00.001-08:002019-11-15T18:26:09.865-08:00Cadbury India and Cadbury UK ComparisonCadbury India and Cadbury UK Comparison The Cadburys Inc has provided us a broader view of the chocolate category. The Cadbury chocolate is able to share with their market insights based on the unparalleled breadth of chocolate experience. Cadbury has grown from strength to strength with new technologies being introduced to make the Cadbury confectionery business one of the most efficient in the world. The merge in 1969 with the Schweppes and the subsequent development of the business have led to the Cadbury Schweppes to take the lead in the both confectionery and the soft drink market in United Kingdom and becoming a major force in the international market. Today Cadbury Schweppes manufactures its products in 60 countries. The Cadbury story is a fascinating story of a family business that grew in one the biggest, most lowed chocolate brand in the world. A story that you will remember as the story of The RealTaste of Life. THE LEGEND CALLED CADBURY 1824 In 1824, John Cadbury opened a grocers shop at 93 Bull Street, Birmingham in the 1830s. Among other things, he sold cocoa and drinking chocolate, which he prepared himself using a pestle and mortar. 1831 The Cadbury manufacturing business was born in 1831, when John Cadbury decided to start producing on a commercial scale and bought a four-storey warehouse in nearby Crooked Lane. 1842 John Cadbury was selling no less than 16 varieties of drinking chocolate and 11 different cocoas! The earliest preserved price list shows that you could buy drinking chocolate in the form of both pressed cakes and powder. 1861 Johns health rapidly declined and he finally retired in 1861, handing over complete control of the business to his sons Richard and George. 1866 The turning point for the Cadbury business was the introduction of a new processing technique, resulting in the 1866 launch of Cadbury Cocoa Essence, the UKs first unadulterated cocoa. 1879 The business prospered and the factory was moved to Greenfeild a few miles away from Birmingham known as Bourneville. 1897 When Cadbury started making Cocoa Essence they had lots of cocoa butter left over, so they used it to make bars of chocolate!. 1905 Swiss manufacturers were leading the field in milk chocolate, with much better products than their rivals. In 1904, George Cadbury Junior was given the challenge to develop a milk chocolate bar with more milk than anything else on the market. (SOURCE : http://www.cadbury.co.uk/the-story) Cadburys Dairy Milk Story In June 1905, Cadbury made its first Dairy Milk bar, with a higher proportion of milk than previous chocolate bars, and it became the companys best selling product by 1913. George Cadbury Junior, responsible for the development of the bar, has said All sorts of names were suggested: Highland Milk, Jersey and Dairy Maid. But when a customers daughter suggested Dairy Milk, the name stuck. Fruit and Nut was introduced as part of the Dairy Milk line in 1928, soon followed by Whole Nut in 1933. By this point, Cadburys was the brand leader in the United Kingdom. In 1928, Cadburys introduced The Glass and A Half slogan to accompany the Dairy Milk bar, to advertise the bars higher milk content. (SOURCES : http://www.cadbury.co.uk/products/Dairy-Milk?c2=1459p=2360) Cadburys Milk Tray 1915 Boxes of chocolates had been produced at Cadbury since the 1860s. But they were expensive, sold in small quantities and would only have been bought for very special occasions. Milk Tray was different: a chocolate assortment, affordable enough to be an everyday treat. To start with, the chocolates were sold in 5 1/2 lb boxes, which would be put out in trays to sell to customers, which is where the name originated from. One was Milk Tray and one was Plain Tray. Then, in 1916, Cadbury produced a half-pound box of chocolates, followed by a 1Ib box in 1924. By the mid 1930s it was outselling all its competitors. (SOURCE : http://www.cadbury.co.uk/Home/the-story/milk-tray-is-launched) The Cadbury Story Cadburys Success Story In 1824, the U.K. enterprise founded by John Cadbury had the objective of creating the chocolates that could be recognised as the most highest quality driven chocolates. By 1969, there was a merger between the Cadbury and Schweppes, the soft drink giant. Cadbury brands were already famous all around the world. Today more than 120 countries enjoy the products by Cadbury, having over 40 brands in the chocolate confectionery. Cadbury also dominated the market as far as U.K. and Australia and thats why it have been dubbed as The worlds master chocolate makers. The Secret of Cadburys Success The secret behind Cadburys continuing success is first theres a careful selection of finest cocoa beans from the western parts of Africa, adding the quality of hazel nuts from Turkey and fine sheets and natural ingredients available to us anywhere. At last, theres skillful marketing as Cadbury always takes care in the selection and marketing process of the right range of products. The key ingredients in Cadburys success is the selection of the right product, partners, marketing team and strategies, promotion techniques, and finally the employees. Success is based on 3 factors : Quality, Advertising, Value for Money. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE Product Profile Cadbury have a wide range of product line with more than 40 brands of chocolate confectioneries. The products can be filtered as : Christmas Treat Bars Boxes, tins and bags Drinks Halloween Treat Cadburys Market Segment Market place for any product consists of many different segments of customers, each having needs and wants different from each other. The market segments can be defined in numerous ways : Demographic Variables (gender, marital status etc) Lifestyle of consumers (daily activities, hobbies), the benefits that the customers look for in a product or an occasion on which the product may be consumed. Cadbury takes in account all the major segments while manufacturing and designing new product range. The company has targetted numerous segments in the same market such as : Snatched Break Segment It refers to the breaks that the consumers use to consume products like chocolates, biscuits etc with tea or coffee. Example Cadbury Perk Impulse Segment The products which are bought without thinking on the spot, no planning is done before the product or the service is bought from the market place. This includes chocolates like Cadbury Dairy Milk. Cadbury United Kingdom Market Size The six months ended 30 June, Cadburys underlying pre-tax profits jumped by 11 per cent to à £262m at constant currency. Its total sales jumped by 4 per cent to à £2.77bn Todd Stitzer, chief executive of Cadbury said. The chocolate tablet confectionery market is CDM market, representing 17%, à £ 731 million. The CDM brand is worth approximately à £360 million in the UK. 500 million bars are made each year, in the UK. By 2007 Cadburys held over 10% of the à £731 million UK confectionery market share with 23 types of CDM . (SOURCE : Leatherhead Food Research, 2009, Cadbury,n.d.) Gorilla is a British Advertisement Campaign launched by Cadbury Schweppes in 2007 to promote Cadbury Dairy Milk brand chocolate. The 90-second television and cinema advertisement, which formed the centre piece of the GBP 6.2 million campaign, was created and directed by Juan Cabral and starred actor Garon Michael. The campaign itself, which comprised appearances on billboards, print newspapers and magazines, television and cinema spots, event sponsorships and an internet presence, was handled by advertising agency Fallon London. Threats Competitive pressures from other branded suppliers (national and global). Aggressive price and promotion activity by competitors possible price wars in developed markets. Brands in competition Value Share DM (C/Kraft) [50%-60%] Galaxy (Mars) [10%-20%] Excellence (Lindt) [5%-10%] Aero (Nestle) [5%-10%] Milka (Kraft) [0%-5%] There is a threat of change of the current external environment which is likely to alter the nature of the market. For example change in the taxing regime, Government laws regulating the industry, and other factors which are likely to impact negatively on the industry (SOURCE:Cadbury, 2008). There exists no brand loyalty in the chocolate market and consumers frequently shift their brands. Raised health and ethical concerns. Opportunities The confectionery market is characterized by a high degree of merger and acquisition activity in recent years. Opportunities exist to increase share through targeted acquisitions. There is a lot of potential for growth and a huge population who do not eat chocolates even today that can be converted as new users. Recommendations Dairy Milk should emphasis on cocoa-butter not milk-butter as the latter melts at higher temperatures and thus building perception of quality. Price also needs to become more affordable. Promotional strategies also need to be revised especially in Cadbury UK so as to gain attraction of customers above other famous brands. People in UK focus more on the packaging and the ingredients and less on the taste. So Cadbury here should make strategies to attract customers by being effective in this area. Cadbury India is well established and is a leading brand so it should continue with their effective style of advertisements and other promotional schemes. One new product launch every year might be profitable. (SOURCE: http://www.marketingmagazine.co.uk/) Market Scanning This implies scanning internal and external environment. internal environment consists of 4ps, external implies scanning environment within which company operates. Analysing 4ps of Cadbury in comparison with close rival companies Marketing Mix Elements Cadbury Hershey Nestle Mars Inc. Product Range of fair trade chocolates, Chocolate bar that are made up of more milk, biscuits, ice cream, beverages etc Chocolate and candy bars, baking chocolate, lollipops, cookies, cocoa mix, ice cream toppings etc Chocolates, cereals, The company uses its name to endorse /nestle Easy Whip, fair trade Kit Kat M Ms, Fair trade Mars, Snickers, Orbit, Extra. Place Sold through network of whole sellers, retailers Retail outlets like convenience store, grocery chains, brokers, whole seller and retailers Only on stores and supermarket Retailers and whole sellers Price Affordable + high quality indulgence Prefer to stay with one price policy Low prices compared to other chocolates Affordable Promotion TV, Internet, outdoor, radio, emotional appeals in ads Brand extension, acquiring famous brands Extensive promotional tools, constant product supply Intensive ads campaign worth of à £600 million. The company stands better in terms of range of products as it offers more products than other confectionery company. Many brand under Cadbury have been certified as fair trade while only few chocolates have been certified as fair trade for rival companies. With regards to place the company needs to develop direct relationship with supermarkets, grocery chains as what competitor Hershey is pursuing. In terms of price, the company is considered to be slightly expensive than Nestle. The company also lags behind than Mars Inc. in regard to promotion. Source: Best Global Confectionery Company, Corporate Watch (2010) Cadbury India Cadbury began its operations in India in 1948 by importingà chocolates. After 60 years of existence, it today has five company-owned manufacturing facilities an 4 sales offices. The corporate office is in Mumbai. Market Size The chocolate market for India is growing rapidly. The market size has grown larger in the recent years. Of the 20 tonnes of the market for chocolate accounting for around 400 crores, out of which Cadburys share is 70% which is followed by Nestle accounting for about 20 %, then Amul having 5% and rest with the minors. The major competition is between the Cadbury and Nestle. At present, the existing Cadbury Dairy Milk has a market share of 35 per cent.We already have 70 per cent of the Rs 2,000-crore (Rs 20-billion) chocolate market in India and now with the retail environment changing, Silk will help us tap into a wider audience, says Cadburys executive director, marketing and international business, Sanjay Purohit. Threats There may be a threat of entry of other products in the market which will increase the level of competition in the market. There are other companies which are likely to introduce the same products in the market once there is success of the initial product.(Cadbury, 2008). Social changes like rising obesity and consumers obsession with calories counting.( Department of Health, 2005) Globalisation may bring in better brands for upper end of the market and it may loose market share but will remain brand leader. Opportunities Increasing gifts cultures in India. Substitute to Mithais with higher calories/cholesterol. To respond to changes in consumer tastes and preferences healthier snacks with lower calories need to be developed. Internet usage in India has been growing at a very high rate and majority of the urban population is connected to the interest. Since there is not company that is currently using online sales, the company will look into using this strategy to boosts its sales (Laura, 2008). Brand ambassador Amitabh Bachchan for advertising there new products. As Cadbury became a part of Krafts Foods, its distributionà network is increased. Positioning Cadbury dairy milk made position of its product chocolate not only in the minds of consumers but also in the market. It uses various promotional techniques to make position in the minds of customers Cadbury have good quality, more features like unique taste, design, logo and other attributes as compared to its competitors. Cadbury dairy milk is superior in quality, continuous improvements Its price is reasonable and affordable by all customers. good use of advertising is used especially the use of slogans to position a positive concept in customers minds. Cadburys reputation is built upon quality; a commitment to continuous improvement will ensure that this promise continues to be delivered. The companys punch line for advertising Cadbury dairy milk REAL TASTE OF LIFE itself depicts how well the product is positioned in the market. The product shows the purity of milk, taste. PEST Analysis P : There are no restrictions on the pricing of the products by the political institutions that is the pricing of the product is decontrolled. E : 1) There has been an increase in the per capita income depicting high disposable income. 2) There has been an increase in demand due to the growth of the middle class. 3) Better penetration due to low production costs. S : 1) Increased demand due to increasing gift culture. 2) Increased substitute demand against the Indian Mithais. T : The company has fulfilled the international standards. FINDINGS AND SURVEYS Do you consume chocolates ? Which chocolate brands do you prefer ? From where do you prefer to buy chocolates ? Are you aware of the campaign Gorilla ? Which Cadbury product do you usually prefer to consume ? Do you think Cadburys products are easily available in the market ? DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS Data was tabulated manually and was also analysed manually. Excel was used to make graphs and pie charts. Simple average method was used to compute the data and to get to the answers of the questions : 26 % of the people are not interested in eating the chocolates and 74 are eating chocolates. 60 % people prefer the Cadbury brand chocolates after that of Nestle, Mars, Lindt etc. Most of the people buy chocolates from the super stores and after that from retail outlets and movie halls. 54 % of the people are not aware of any brand campaign GORILLA whereas 46% are aware. This shows that the company needs to advertise more in the market. Dairy Milk is the most consumed chocolate product from Cadbury. 90% shows that the Cadbury brand chocolates are easily available in the market. Mara Brumfieldhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06436759324772622880noreply@blogger.com0